Miranda Blake
Новости и обновления • 3 мин. чтения

Путеводитель водителя грузовика о зиме в Европе

Создано: 16.10.2024

Обновлено: 24.03.2026

В холодное время года водители грузовиков сталкиваются с уникальным набором проблем и обязанностей. Увеличивается количество серьезных дорожно-транспортных происшествий: [33 % страховых случаев, произошедших в это время, считаются серьезными] (https://atha.co.uk/news/why-you-are-more-likely-to-have-a-severe-road-traffic-accident-in-the-winter).

Поэтому подготовка имеет решающее значение. Здесь мы расскажем о том, как водители грузовиков могут оставаться в безопасности как на дороге, так и в своей кабине этой зимой.

Навигация в штормовых условиях

Важно ехать медленно и соблюдать безопасную дистанцию до других транспортных средств - особенно в затопленных районах. Переведите свой автомобиль на низшую передачу и не глушите двигатель.

Следующие советы также помогут при вождении в штормовую погоду.

  • Если вы потеряли управление на поверхности воды, сбавьте скорость, убрав ногу с педали газа - не пытайтесь резко затормозить или повернуть.
  • Более высокие транспортные средства более уязвимы при сильном ветре - убедитесь, что крепко держите руль, и по возможности избегайте мостов.
  • Если ваш грузовик пуст, ездите с открытыми шторками. Так ветер будет меньше задевать за борта.

Управление снегом и льдом

В гололед и снегопад также следует снижать скорость и соблюдать необходимую дистанцию до впереди идущего автомобиля. Более того, рекомендуется увеличить тормозной путь в 10 раз по сравнению с обычным - однако оценить это бывает непросто. Исследование, проведенное компанией Admiral, показало, что черный лед является причиной 10 % аварий в зимний период. Вы можете определить, что едете по черному льду, если дорога выглядит мокрой, но от других автомобилей не летят брызги.

Другие советы, которые помогут вам управлять автомобилем в снегопад, включают в себя регулярный техосмотр и обеспечение наличия всего необходимого оборудования перед поездкой, например, тросов для подкачки и антиобледенительных средств. Кроме того, всегда помните о том, на какой передаче вы должны ехать, так как это может спасти вас от потери контроля над грузовиком. На ровной поверхности езжайте на самой высокой передаче. При спуске с горы используйте торможение двигателем и двигайтесь на низших передачах. Чтобы избежать прокручивания колес, при трогании с места включайте повышенную передачу - это обеспечит тягу, необходимую для движения автомобиля.

Обеспечение видимости

Поскольку опасные трассы и внешние факторы негативно влияют на зрение и приводят к авариям, видимость крайне важна в любую погоду, особенно когда становится прохладно. Поэтому обязательно проверьте, нет ли сколов или трещин на лобовом стекле, так как в холодные месяцы они могут распространяться быстрее.

Кроме того, необходимо обеспечить максимальную видимость фар, номерного знака и лобового стекла. Помимо очистки от снега и грязи, следует регулярно мыть автомобиль, чтобы избежать накопления дорожной соли (она провоцирует коррозию).

Если видимость плохая, а условия доходят до коварных, лучше съехать с дороги и отдохнуть на ближайшей стоянке. Если в итоге вам придется превысить количество часов вождения, вы можете воспользоваться специальным разрешением для водителей, попавших в уникальные обстоятельства, например, экстремальные погодные явления.

Оценка глубины протектора шины

Низкие температуры также могут повлиять на функциональность ваших шин, поскольку они могут вызвать снижение давления воздуха. А изношенные шины, к сожалению, увеличивают тормозной путь и снижают уровень устойчивости на мокрой и обледенелой дороге, а низкий протектор приводит к скольжению.

Поэтому перед каждой поездкой в шторм и другие суровые условия рекомендуется проверять глубину протектора - так вы будете знать, когда нужно решать возникающие проблемы.

Соблюдение правил эксплуатации зимних шин

Важно также знать о различных правилах эксплуатации зимних шин. Некоторые страны обязывают водителей возить с собой мешки с песком и лопаты, в то время как в других обязательны цепи противоскольжения. Компания Continental подготовила простое [руководство по требованиям к зимним шинам] (https://www.continental-tyres.co.uk/b2c/tyre-knowledge/winter-tyre-laws/) для Великобритании и Европы.

С 1 ноября зимние шины являются обязательными:

  • Австрия
  • Чехия
  • Финляндия
  • Франция
  • Литва
  • Сербия

В других странах они обязательны в конце месяца или в декабре или зависят от погодных условий. Что касается шипованных шин, то, хотя они и разрешены в перечисленных ниже странах, существуют строгие правила их использования. Лучше всего перед поездкой ознакомиться с правилами для каждой страны.

  • Австрия
  • Беларусь
  • Дания
  • Эстония
  • Финляндия
  • Франция
  • Великобритания
  • Латвия
  • Лихтенштейн
  • Литва
  • Норвегия
  • Испания
  • Швеция
  • Швейцария
  • Турция
  • Украина

Принесите необходимые принадлежности

Вам также нужно подумать о том, как позаботиться о себе зимой. Это покажется очевидным, но убедитесь, что у вас есть доступ к достаточному количеству еды и питья. Поскольку в холодное время года увеличивается вероятность закрытия дорог, вы не всегда сможете добраться до стоянки. Возьмите с собой варианты перекуса или еды, а в идеале - горячий напиток во фляжке.

Особенно если вы не можете найти место для отдыха, позаботьтесь о том, чтобы не замерзнуть. Например, возьмите с собой перезаряжаемые грелки. Кроме того, всегда имейте под рукой теплую и запасную одежду; она особенно пригодится, если одежда замерзнет и намокнет в результате таких работ, как очистка лобового стекла от снега.

В идеале у вас должен быть зимний набор для выживания, состоящий из еды, питья, портативного зарядного устройства для телефона, фонарика, одеял, жилета с высоким уровнем защиты, лопаты и прочной обуви для ходьбы.

Гарантируйте доступ к остановкам для отдыха с интрактами

Хотя погода не зависит от вас, вы можете защитить себя и других участников дорожного движения. Для этого необходимо как можно скорее найти безопасное и надежное место для парковки. Наше приложение intruck или [страница карт] (https://snapacc.com/map/) подскажут вам ближайшие сервисные службы, а также информацию о том, какие услуги предлагает каждая из них.

Вы можете загрузить приложение intruck уже сегодня, нажав [эту ссылку] (https://intruckapp.com/download/).

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