Susie Jones
Noticias • 3 min leer

La IA y su impacto en la sostenibilidad del sector del transporte

Creado: 29/08/2024

Actualizado: 29/08/2024

La inteligencia artificial (IA) es un término que ha pasado a formar parte del vocabulario moderno en los últimos años. Debido a la falta de comprensión y a los conceptos erróneos, a menudo se percibe negativamente. A pesar de las reservas, la IA puede tener un impacto positivo en la sostenibilidad, los procesos de trabajo y la economía. Con más del 25% de las emisiones de CO2 producidas por la industria del transporte, ¿puede la IA suponer un cambio positivo para un futuro sostenible?

¿Qué es la IA?

Según Oxford Languages, la IA es:

"la teoría y el desarrollo de sistemas informáticos capaces de realizar tareas que normalmente requieren inteligencia humana, como la percepción visual, el reconocimiento del habla, la toma de decisiones y la traducción entre idiomas ".

Sostenibilidad en la industria del transporte

El sector se encuentra en una encrucijada crítica, con un aumento de la demanda y cambios en los tipos de entrega: las compras en línea son una de las demandas de más rápido crecimiento. Aunque el aumento de la demanda puede beneficiar al sector del transporte, este se enfrenta a un dilema medioambiental que tiene un impacto vital en el planeta.

La industria afecta al medio ambiente de las siguientes maneras:

  • Contaminación acústica: En grandes cantidades, los camiones pueden contribuir a la contaminación acústica. La contaminación acústica perturba las zonas urbanas y rurales, afectando a menudo al bienestar de los residentes y la fauna. La exposición a altos niveles de ruido puede provocar estrés y problemas cardiovasculares.

  • Emisiones de carbono: Los combustibles tradicionales en los camiones liberan CO2 a la atmósfera. Del total de emisiones del transporte mundial, el 29% procede del transporte por camión.

  • Calidad del aire: Los camiones emiten óxidos de nitrógeno y partículas, que degradan la calidad del aire, dañan el medio ambiente y provocan problemas respiratorios en los seres humanos.

Cómo la IA puede mejorar la sostenibilidad

  • Planificación de rutas: Una planificación inadecuada de las rutas puede costar dinero, tiempo y recursos a las flotas. La IA puede predecir con exactitud las demandas y necesidades, recomendando la ruta más sostenible. Sus algoritmos pueden analizar los patrones de tráfico, las condiciones meteorológicas y la eficiencia del combustible para optimizar las rutas de reparto. Este proceso ahorra dinero y contribuye a reducir las emisiones de carbono.

  • Predecir la demanda de los consumidores: A menudo, los productos se envían al consumidor pero no se reclaman, lo que supone un desperdicio de recursos y un importante impacto medioambiental. El aprendizaje automático y el análisis predictivo de la IA ayudarán a los fabricantes a anticiparse a la demanda, racionalizar el suministro y optimizar los procesos de fabricación. La inteligencia artificial puede informar a las empresas de logística sobre los productos que deben enviar, abordando los problemas medioambientales desde su origen.

  • Control del conductor: Los algoritmos de IA analizan los patrones del conductor, como el exceso de velocidad, los frenazos bruscos y el ralentí. A partir de ahí, la IA puede ofrecer formación e incentivos para una conducción más eficiente.

  • Reducción de energía: La IA puede ayudar a las empresas de flotas a gestionar la energía en las cadenas de suministro. Puede identificar áreas ineficientes y ofrecer estrategias de optimización, incluido el análisis de datos de contadores inteligentes, sensores y otros dispositivos para determinar qué consume demasiada energía.

¿Se apoderará la IA del sector logístico?

Aunque la IA desempeñará un papel en el sector de la logística, es poco probable que se imponga por completo. Los algoritmos de IA no pueden tener en cuenta los sucesos espontáneos y las excepciones, por lo que la participación humana seguirá desempeñando un papel crucial. Seguirá habiendo oportunidades profesionales en el sector del transporte, pero serán muy diferentes.

¿De qué otra forma puede la industria reducir sus emisiones de carbono?

La industria puede adoptar las siguientes medidas:

  • Vehículos de bajas emisiones: Los vehículos pesados eléctricos e híbridos pueden reducir las emisiones de carbono. Ambos son adecuados para el transporte de corta y larga distancia.

  • Combustibles alternativos: Con la proximidad de Net-Zero 2050, la legislación energética se inclina hacia alternativas más limpias. El aceite vegetal hidrotratado (HVO) puede reducir las emisiones de forma inmediata y significativa. Certas Energy HVO está detrás del cambio hacia una alternativa más limpia, ayudando a las empresas a cumplir sus objetivos de sostenibilidad y a dar pasos significativos hacia su futuro Net Zero. El HVO proporciona los siguientes beneficios:

  • Una reducción inmediata de hasta el 90% de las emisiones de efecto invernadero en comparación con el gasóleo estándar, a lo largo del ciclo de vida del producto.

  • Menos óxidos de nitrógeno que el gasóleo estándar

  • Menos partículas que el diésel estándar

  • Fácilmente biodegradable

  • Larga vida útil de hasta 10 años

  • Prácticamente sin FAME

  • Diesel alternativo sin necesidad de modificar el motor ni la infraestructura.

  • Eficiencia de los vehículos: Los motores de bajo consumo, la reducción del tiempo al ralentí y un mantenimiento regular pueden mejorar la eficiencia.

  • Embalaje inteligente: Los fabricantes pueden utilizar materiales biodegradables y reciclados para enviar los artículos, lo que reduce los residuos y disminuye los costes. Además, los envases más ligeros mejoran la eficiencia y reducen las emisiones de carbono.

  • Energías renovables: Utilizar fuentes de energía renovables, como la solar o la eólica, en las operaciones puede reducir significativamente las emisiones de carbono.

  • Reduzca el kilometraje de desvío: La Cuenta SNAP permite a los gestores de flotas reducir el kilometraje de desvío - con más de 600 socios de servicio disponibles para los clientes de la Cuenta SNAP, seguro que hay una parada en su ruta.

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