Susie Jones
Notícias e actualizações • 3 min ler

A IA e o seu impacto na sustentabilidade do sector dos transportes

Criado: 29/08/2024

Atualizado: 29/08/2024

A inteligência artificial (IA) é um termo que passou a fazer parte do vocabulário moderno nos últimos anos. Devido a uma falta de compreensão e a ideias erradas, é muitas vezes visto de forma negativa. Apesar das reservas, a IA pode ter um impacto positivo na sustentabilidade, nos processos de trabalho e na economia. Com mais de 25% das emissões de CO2 produzidas pelo sector dos transportes, poderá a IA fazer uma mudança positiva para um futuro sustentável?

O que é IA?

De acordo com a Oxford Languages, IA é:

*"a teoria e o desenvolvimento de sistemas informáticos capazes de realizar tarefas que normalmente requerem a inteligência humana, como a perceção visual, o reconhecimento da fala, a tomada de decisões e a tradução entre línguas.

Sustentabilidade no sector dos transportes

O sector encontra-se numa encruzilhada crítica, com o aumento da procura e a alteração dos tipos de entrega - as compras online são uma das exigências que mais crescem. Embora o aumento da procura possa beneficiar o sector dos transportes, este enfrenta um dilema ambiental que tem um impacto vital no planeta.

A indústria tem impacto no ambiente das seguintes formas:

  • Poluição sonora: Em grande número, os camiões podem contribuir para a poluição sonora. A poluição sonora perturba as zonas urbanas e rurais, afectando frequentemente o bem-estar dos residentes e da vida selvagem. A exposição a níveis elevados de ruído pode provocar stress e problemas cardiovasculares.

  • Emissões de carbono: Os combustíveis tradicionais utilizados nos camiões libertam CO2 para a atmosfera. Do total das emissões globais dos transportes, 29% provêm do transporte por camião.

  • Qualidade do ar: Os camiões emitem óxidos de azoto e partículas - ambos degradam a qualidade do ar, prejudicam o ambiente e provocam problemas respiratórios nos seres humanos.

Como a IA pode melhorar a sustentabilidade

  • Planeamento de rotas: Um planeamento de rotas inadequado pode custar dinheiro, tempo e recursos às frotas. A IA pode prever com precisão a procura e os requisitos, recomendando a rota mais sustentável. Os seus algoritmos podem analisar os padrões de tráfego, as condições meteorológicas e a eficiência do combustível para otimizar as rotas de entrega. Este processo poupa dinheiro e contribui para reduzir as emissões de carbono.

  • Prever a procura dos consumidores: Os produtos são muitas vezes enviados para o consumidor mas não são reclamados, o que resulta num desperdício de recursos e num impacto ambiental substancial. A aprendizagem automática e a análise preditiva da IA ajudarão os fabricantes a antecipar a procura, a racionalizar a oferta e a otimizar os processos de fabrico. Através de conhecimentos significativos sobre a entrega e a não receção de mercadorias, a IA pode informar as empresas de logística sobre quais as mercadorias a enviar - combatendo os problemas ambientais desde a origem.

  • Monitorização do condutor: Os algoritmos de IA analisam os padrões do condutor, como o excesso de velocidade, a travagem brusca e o ralenti. A partir daí, a IA pode fornecer orientação e incentivos para uma condução mais eficiente em termos de combustível.

  • Redução de energia: A IA pode ajudar as empresas de frotas na gestão da energia nas cadeias de abastecimento. Pode identificar áreas ineficientes e fornecer estratégias de otimização - incluindo dados de análise de contadores inteligentes, sensores e outros dispositivos para determinar o que consome demasiada energia.

A IA vai dominar o sector da logística?

Embora a utilização da IA venha a desempenhar um papel no sector da logística, é improvável que assuma completamente o controlo. Os algoritmos de IA não podem ter em conta eventos espontâneos e excepções - por isso, o envolvimento humano continuará a desempenhar um papel crucial. As oportunidades de carreira no sector dos transportes continuarão a existir, mas terão um aspeto significativamente diferente.

De que outra forma pode a indústria reduzir as suas emissões de carbono?

A indústria pode adotar o seguinte:

  • Veículos com baixas emissões: Os veículos pesados de mercadorias eléctricos e híbridos podem reduzir as emissões de carbono. Ambos são adequados para transportes de curta e longa distância.

  • Combustíveis alternativos: Com a aproximação rápida do Net-Zero 2050, a legislação energética está a privilegiar alternativas mais limpas. O óleo vegetal tratado com hidrogénio (HVO) pode reduzir as emissões imediata e significativamente. A Certas Energy HVO está por detrás da mudança para uma alternativa mais limpa - ajudando as empresas a atingir os seus objectivos de sustentabilidade e a dar passos significativos em direção ao seu futuro net zero. A HVO oferece os seguintes benefícios:

  • Uma redução imediata até [90%] (https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greenhouse-gas-reporting-conversion-factors-2023) das emissões de gases com efeito de estufa em comparação com o gasóleo normal, ao longo do ciclo de vida do produto.

  • Menos óxidos de azoto do que o gasóleo normal

  • Menos partículas do que o gasóleo normal

  • Facilmente biodegradável

  • Vida útil longa, até 10 anos

  • Praticamente sem FAME

  • Gasóleo alternativo - não são necessárias modificações no motor ou na infraestrutura.

  • Eficiência do veículo: Motores eficientes em termos de combustível, redução do tempo de inatividade e manutenção regular podem melhorar a eficiência.

  • Embalagens inteligentes: Os fabricantes podem utilizar materiais biodegradáveis e reciclados para o transporte de artigos, o que reduz os resíduos e os custos. Além disso, as embalagens mais leves melhoram a eficiência, resultando em menos emissões de carbono.

  • Energia renovável: A utilização de fontes de energia renováveis, como a energia solar ou eólica, nas operações pode reduzir significativamente as emissões de carbono.

  • Reduzir a quilometragem de desvio: A conta SNAP permite aos gestores de frotas reduzir a quilometragem de desvio - com mais de 600 parceiros de serviços disponíveis para os clientes da conta SNAP, é provável que haja uma paragem no seu percurso.

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sexta-feira 08 novembro 2024 • Notícias e actualizações

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sexta-feira 01 novembro 2024 • Notícias e actualizações

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sexta-feira 25 outubro 2024 • Notícias e actualizações

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