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Новости и обновления • 4 мин. чтения

Влияние отключения электроэнергии на Пиренейском полуострове в 2025 году на автоперевозки

Создано: 04.06.2025

Обновлено: 04.06.2025

28 апреля 2025 года на Пиренейском полуострове произошло масштабное отключение электроэнергии, в результате которого миллионы домов, предприятий и государственных служб в Испании и Португалии остались без электричества. Отключение электроэнергии в Испании и Португалии, начавшееся в 12:33 по местному времени, затронуло крупные города, включая Мадрид, Барселону, Лиссабон и Порту, а также значительную часть прилегающих регионов. В некоторых районах электричество вернулось в течение четырех-шести часов, в других перебои продолжались до следующего утра.

Хотя точная причина аварии еще расследуется, первые сообщения говорят о том, что сбой в трансграничной сети электропередач нарушил подачу электроэнергии в обе национальные сети. Последствия были быстрыми и масштабными: прекратилось движение поездов, сели на мель самолеты, пострадали больницы и государственные службы, была парализована цифровая инфраструктура. Для сектора транспорта и логистики проблема возникла сразу же, затронув все аспекты дорожной деятельности - от грузоперевозок и поставок топлива до управления движением и обеспечения безопасности водителей.

"Когда отключается электричество, многие системы, на которые мы полагаемся для обеспечения безопасности на дорогах, - от светофоров и знаков до средств связи, - говорит Ракель Мартинес, менеджер по продажам SNAP в Европе. "Как для водителей, так и для операторов автопарков отключение электричества в 2025 году показало, как быстро обычные поездки могут стать опасными и как важно знать, где водители могут остановиться, чтобы обеспечить безопасность себе и своему грузу".

Задержки грузоперевозок

Для транспортных компаний первой и самой насущной проблемой стала приостановка движения грузов. На всем Пиренейском полуострове работа складов, центров обработки заказов и кросс-докинговых узлов замедлилась или полностью прекратилась. Пострадали и международные перевозки: грузовики задерживались на границах, пока власти работали над восстановлением элементарного контроля за движением и обеспечением безопасности дорожного движения.

Когда железнодорожные перевозки зашли в тупик, некоторые операторы попытались перенести грузы на автомобильную сеть, но это принесло свои проблемы. Перегруженные маршруты, неработающие системы движения и нестабильный доступ к топливу привели к тому, что автомобильный транспорт не смог удовлетворить спрос. Потребовалось несколько дней, чтобы ликвидировать отставание и восстановить надежность цепочки поставок.

Плата за проезд, пробки и технологические сбои

Перебои с электричеством в Пиренеях также показали, насколько современная инфраструктура зависит от цифровых систем. В крупных городах отключились светофоры, что вызвало заторы и повысило риск аварий. Электронные табло, датчики на автомагистралях и интеллектуальные системы маршрутизации вышли из строя, лишив водителей возможности получать указания и обновления в режиме реального времени.

Аналогичным образом пострадали и пункты взимания платы за проезд. Поскольку автоматические шлагбаумы и электронные системы оплаты не работали, в некоторых районах сотрудникам приходилось поднимать ворота вручную или собирать наличные. Это привело к задержкам на основных маршрутах, потерям доходов операторов платных дорог и опасениям по поводу целостности системы после восстановления питания.

Нехватка топлива

Одним из самых ярких признаков зависимости сектора от электричества стали топливные насосы. Из-за перебоев в подаче электроэнергии автозаправочные станции по всей Испании и Португалии были вынуждены закрыться. Насосы и платежные системы перестали работать, и лишь небольшое количество автозаправочных станций с аварийными генераторами могли обслуживать клиентов. Они были быстро переполнены, что привело к длинным очередям и, во многих случаях, к тому, что водители остались без топлива.

Перебои также распространялись и на верхний бьеф: портовые сооружения и сети распределения топлива не могли работать в нормальном режиме, что задерживало доставку топлива в внутренние районы страны и еще больше усугубляло проблемы с поставками.

Электромобили и зарядная инфраструктура

Для операторов электромобилей перебои в работе представляли особую проблему. По всей Испании и Португалии не работали зарядки для электромобилей, что делало их непригодными для использования, если они не имели достаточного заряда для завершения маршрута. Из-за отсутствия доступа к подзарядке некоторые поставки были приостановлены, а электромобили временно сняты с дорог.

Для логистических компаний, рассматривающих возможность перехода на электромобили, отключение электроэнергии в Иберии подчеркнуло важность планирования на случай непредвиденных обстоятельств и создания резервной инфраструктуры для поддержания работы во время сбоев в сети.

Благополучие водителей

Пожалуй, самые насущные проблемы касались благополучия водителей. Зоны отдыха и станции техобслуживания погрузились во тьму - во многих из них не было освещения, отопления, горячей пищи или функционирующих туалетов. Некоторые водители остались без безопасного места для отдыха во время вынужденных задержек.

Еще одной серьезной проблемой стала связь. Из-за сбоев в работе мобильных сетей водители не могли связаться со складами, запросить поддержку или получить информацию о дорожной обстановке. Для многих единственным надежным источником информации стало местное радио. Эта ситуация стала ярким напоминанием о том, насколько уязвимой может быть отрасль в случае сбоя критической инфраструктуры.

Уроки на будущее

Хотя отключение электроэнергии в Испании и Португалии в большинстве мест продолжалось менее 24 часов, перебои в работе автомобильного транспорта и грузоперевозок были значительными. Последствия отключения электроэнергии для логистики охватывают все сферы: от поставок топлива и устойчивости инфраструктуры до готовности к чрезвычайным ситуациям и благополучия водителей. Однако это также послужило толчком к возобновлению дискуссии о том, как операторы автопарков могут повысить непрерывность бизнеса и защитить своих сотрудников в случае возникновения подобных ситуаций.

Важным первым шагом является разработка и проверка надежного плана обеспечения бесперебойной работы. Он должен охватывать протоколы связи, доступ к топливу, альтернативные маршруты и развертывание транспортных средств. По возможности следует заранее определить альтернативные графики и партнеров по доставке, особенно если речь идет о срочных или критически важных грузах.

В подобных ситуациях крайне важна поддержка благополучия водителя. Аварийные наборы, содержащие закуски, воду, фонарики, пауэрбанки и светоотражающую одежду, могут придать уверенности и оказать практическую помощь.

"Операторы могут также пересмотреть условия на автобазах, чтобы убедиться, что у водителей есть безопасные места для отдыха, особенно во время длительных задержек", - говорит Ракель. Зная, что в регионе существует сеть стоянок для грузовиков, например, наша партнерская сеть, можно быть уверенным, что есть где остановиться до возвращения электричества".

"Блэкауты такого масштаба могут быть редкими, но риск реален. Операторы должны подумать о том, как повысить устойчивость и адаптироваться к ситуации, чтобы продолжать движение - от обеспечения доступа к топливу до переоценки планирования маршрутов и организации отдыха во время чрезвычайных ситуаций".

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But the government’s latest plans offer hope for a safer, better-connected network.Across the UK, driver facilities have struggled to keep up with demand. Parking is often limited, services are stretched and many rest areas fall short on comfort and security – especially for long-haul operations. That’s why the government is also : more secure parking, better welfare amenities and planning reforms to speed up the development of new sites.At the same time, investment in charging and refuelling hubs for electric and hydrogen trucks is accelerating. Moto, for example, has committed to installing over 300 HGV electric chargers at 23 motorway locations, while Ashford Truckstop is being transformed into a major charging hub for cross-Channel freight. 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Real-time traffic alerts, smart detection systems and better traffic management will help fleet managers and drivers respond quickly to disruptions and reroute where needed. is already laying the groundwork, with smart infrastructure that can detect hazards earlier, manage traffic flows more intelligently and communicate clearer, real-time updates.A step forward for mobility and driver welfare. The coordinated national effort to tackle the UK’s infrastructure backlog and to modernise the roads in a way that benefits the drivers who rely on them most.The real test will be in delivery. 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среда 18 июня 2025 • Новости и обновления

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Non-Ukrainian EU drivers, too, suffered long delays, strained schedules and poor conditions. What began as a logistical dispute evolved into a broader protest by Polish truckers over Ukrainian imports, market access, and the impact of emergency EU transport measures. Polish farmers soon joined in, frustrated by the effect of Ukrainian agricultural products on domestic prices.Polish drivers also for border crossings – known as eCherha – arguing that it put EU hauliers at a disadvantage. While the system was designed to streamline freight movement by allowing carriers to pre-book crossing slots, Polish operators claimed it gave Ukrainian firms greater flexibility and faster access. Issues such as language barriers, limited integration with EU logistics systems and inconsistent implementation left many EU drivers waiting longer at the border, further fuelling the perception of unfair treatment and contributing to the broader unrest. Protests begin at Dorohusk, Hrebenne and Korczowa crossings. More crossings are blocked, including Medyka; three Ukrainian drivers die waiting in queues. The Polish government comes to an agreement to pause the blockade until March. Sporadic blockades resume at smaller crossings. A new four-month blockade began at Yahodyn-Dorohusk but was overturned in court. All major border crossings remain open, but the risk of future disruption remains.In response to the disruption and its wider implications, the Polish government has taken a proactive stance. Border crossings with Ukraine have been designated as critical infrastructure, giving them greater protection from future blockades and helping to ensure the continued flow of freight, humanitarian aid and military support. A new Council for Cooperation with Ukraine has also been established to generally strengthen ties between the two countries. Part of its remit is to improve coordination across trade and transportation. 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пятница 16 мая 2025 • Новости и обновления

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Autonomous trucks a daunting idea for some, but seemingly, the future of the logistics industry. As technology advances within the sector, the prospect of having partially or fully autonomous vehicles delivering your goods is high. In fact, it could be as close as 2026, according to the UK government, as in May 2024, the Automated Vehicles (AV) Act became law.However, what happens when an autonomous truck gets into an accident? Who is liable? In this blog, we'll delve into the world of autonomy, how it could impact the mobility sector, who is liable when accidents occur, and what drivers think of the change.There are six levels of driving automation:• Level 0 No automation. The human performs all driving tasks.• Level 1 Driver assistance. The vehicle features a single automated system. • Level 2 Partial automation. The vehicle can perform steering and acceleration. However, a human still monitors all tasks and can take control at all times.• Level 3 Conditional automation. The vehicle can perform most driving tasks. However, human override is still required.• Level 4 High automation. Geofencing is required, and the vehicle can perform all driving tasks under specific circumstances. Human override is an option. • Level 5 Full automation. The vehicle performs all driving tasks in all conditions. No human attention or interaction is required. Sensors, cameras, and artificial intelligence enable autonomous trucks to drive independently. Advanced programs make decisions instead of human drivers. • Legalities Who is liable when accidents occur? Is it the driver, their employer, or the maintenance company? We delve into this below. • Infrastructure Our existing roads are built for a world of petrol engines. Therefore, infrastructure must be upgraded or replaced to support self-driving vehicle fleets, requiring money and a substantial amount of political will. • Societal shifts An evolution in public attitudes will need to occur, too. The prospect of AI vehicles is daunting to many, with concerns regarding safety, journey tracking, and the legal grey areas regarding road accidents. • Security A system relying on digital networks becomes more vulnerable to cyber threats. The safety of autonomous trucks has been a hot topic of discussion within the sector, with many debating whether the technology is at a reliable standard to deal with unpredictable weather and recognise obstacles something that is of concern for truck drivers on SNAP's social media pages:"In the slightest bit of rain, my truck loses all automatic capabilities, AEBS, and cruise control. There is no way trucks will be allowed to drive themselves without a driver anytime soon."“This will kill more people on the roads and cause more queues. Just think how reliable your electronics are on your Euro 6 vehicle. The same people are making autonomous trucks.”In the event of an accident, responsibility may shift between the driver and the manufacturer. The court must determine whether an accident was caused by a technical fault, inadequate maintenance, or driver error. A manufacturer will become liable in the following instances: • Sensor malfunction• Software glitches• Inadequate cybersecurity measures• Inadequate testingA driver of an autonomous truck may be liable for an accident if they neglect the necessary service or maintenance required for the vehicle to operate properly one could argue that this liability could fall on fleet managers, too. Despite this, there is still some confusion among those in the mobility sector. We asked truck drivers on our who they believe would be held liable in the event of an accident with an autonomous vehicle. 51% of drivers thought the driver would be responsible, 37% suggested automated truck manufacturers, and 12% believed software developers. It's evident that more clarification is needed among those in the sector before autonomous trucks are a permanent fixture on our roads. In their revisited campaign, SNAP looks at the future of the mobility sector. As technology advances, autonomous vehicles will play a significant role in the industry, with a 50% chance that machines could take over all human jobs in the next 120 years.However, how will they deal with some of Europe's most hazardous highways? Truck driving is more than just sitting behind the wheel it's often about navigating ever-changing and unpredictable road conditions. It poses the question of whether autonomous trucks could deal with some of the poorest roads in Europe. From their most recent campaign, , SNAP identified Europe's most dangerous roads, with results showing Bulgaria, Lithuania, and Czechia as the most concerning.One could argue that autonomous trucks will face challenges while trying to navigate some of these roads without human interaction. Limited GPS accuracy, sensor interference, and a lack of consistent infrastructure could complicate things.