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Novinky a aktualizácie • 5 min čítania

Ako sa stať vodičom nákladného vozidla

Vytvorené: 26. 09. 2025

Aktualizované: 26. 09. 2025

Dopyt po profesionálnych vodičoch nákladných vozidiel v celej Európe nebol nikdy vyšší. Združenie cestnej dopravy v Spojenom kráľovstve odhaduje, že v nasledujúcich piatich rokoch bude potrebných 200 000 nových vodičov nákladných vozidiel, aby sa zabezpečil chod dodávateľských reťazcov. A rovnaká situácia je vo väčšine Európy. Podľa údajov International Road Transport Union bolo v roku 2024 v celej Európe 426 000 neobsadených miest vodičov.

To však vytvára príležitosť. Ako sme už skúmali](https://snapacc.com/newsroom/is-logistics-a-new-alternative-to-further-education-for-school-leavers/), odvetvie nákladnej dopravy ponúka perspektívu stálej práce pre absolventov škôl, ktorí zvažujú alternatívu k univerzite, a pre dospelých, ktorí sa chcú rekvalifikovať. Stať sa vodičom nákladného auta je cesta k istému zárobku a štruktúrovanej kariére.

Mnohí si kladú otázku: ako sa stať vodičom nákladného auta? Odpoveď nezávisí len od školenia a licencií, ale aj od pochopenia toho, čo znamená vstúpiť do profesie, ktorá udržiava európske hospodárstvo v pohybe.

Kto sa môže stať vodičom nákladného auta?

Jedným z hlavných lákadiel povolania vodiča je jeho dostupnosť. Na to, aby ste mohli začať, nepotrebujete vysokoškolské vzdelanie ani dlhoročnú odbornú prípravu; pred získaním odbornej kvalifikácie stačí mať štandardný vodičský preukaz (skupina B).

Minimálny vek na absolvovanie výcviku je v Spojenom kráľovstve aj v celej EÚ 18 rokov, čo znamená, že absolventi škôl môžu prejsť priamo z vodičského preukazu na profesionálny výcvik vodičov nákladných vozidiel. Mnohé firmy však uprednostňujú, aby medzinárodní vodiči mali minimálne 21 rokov, vzhľadom na zvýšenú zodpovednosť, ktorá je spojená s diaľkovou dopravou.

Dôležitá je aj zdravotná spôsobilosť. Každý žiadateľ musí absolvovať lekársku prehliadku, aby mohol získať preukaz na nákladné vozidlá. V Spojenom kráľovstve zahŕňa celý rad testov, vrátane kontroly zraku, merania krvného tlaku a vyšetrenia na ochorenia, ako je epilepsia, srdcové ochorenie alebo spánkové apnoe.

Európske krajiny uplatňujú rovnaké zdravotné normy platné v celej EÚ, pričom pravidelné obnovovanie zaručuje, že vodiči zostanú zdraví počas celej svojej kariéry.

Koľko zarába vodič nákladného auta?

Pre mnohých ľudí, ktorí zvažujú prechod k profesionálnemu šoférovaniu, je kľúčovou otázkou: koľko zarábajú vodiči nákladných vozidiel?

Odpoveď sa líši v závislosti od lokality, skúseností a druhu vykonávanej práce, ale v celej Európe táto profesia ponúka konkurencieschopný plat v porovnaní s inými základnými pracovnými miestami.

● Nový vodič v Spojenom kráľovstve zvyčajne začína na približne 27 000 librách ročne. Tí, ktorí prejdú na diaľkovú dopravu, najmä na medzinárodných trasách, môžu zaznamenať nárast platu až k 45 000 GBP - niekedy aj viac, ak prevážajú špecializované alebo nebezpečné náklady. those handling special loads, hazardous goods or operating across borders.

● V Španielsku sú platy zvyčajne nižšie ako v Spojenom kráľovstve, zvyčajne okolo 36 600 EUR, hoci veľké logistické firmy vo veľkých mestách môžu ponúknuť viac.

Poľsko v posledných rokoch zaznamenáva veľký dopyt po vodičoch, ale mzdy zostávajú skromné, v priemere okolo 92 400 PLN (približne 21 690 EUR).

Rumunsko sa nachádza na spodnej hranici rebríčka, pričom vodiči zvyčajne zarábajú 80 550 RON (16 000 EUR), hoci medzinárodné zmluvy o preprave môžu výrazne zvýšiť mzdu.

Samozrejme, plat nie je celá história. Mnohé spoločnosti ponúkajú príplatky za nadčasy, príspevky na stravu alebo bonusy za dosiahnutie cieľov v oblasti doručovania. A keďže dopyt po vodičoch sa nezmenšuje, táto práca prináša aj istotu, ktorej sa môže rovnať len máloktorá iná základná profesia.

Aký vodičský preukaz na nákladné vozidlo potrebujem?

Predtým, ako si sadnete za volant nákladného vozidla, budete potrebovať správny vodičský preukaz. V Spojenom kráľovstve to znamená, že okrem štandardného vodičského preukazu na osobné vozidlo musíte získať aj vodičský preukaz na veľké nákladné vozidlá (LGV) alebo ťažké nákladné vozidlá (HGV). Tieto pojmy sa často používajú zameniteľne, ale oba sa vzťahujú na rovnaké kategórie profesionálneho riadenia.

Niektorí ľudia začínajú s vodičským preukazom skupiny C1, ktorý sa vzťahuje na stredne veľké vozidlá s hmotnosťou od 3,5 do 7,5 tony - často sa používa pre menšie dodávkové vozidlá.

Väčšina začínajúcich vodičov nákladných vozidiel však získava priamo vodičský preukaz skupiny C, niekedy nazývaný aj vodičský preukaz na nákladné vozidlá 2. triedy. Ten vám umožňuje riadiť tuhé vozidlá s hmotnosťou nad 7,5 tony. Pre tých, ktorí chcú prejsť na kĺbové nákladné vozidlá - väčšie vozidlá, ktoré sa bežne používajú na diaľkových a medzinárodných trasách - je potrebný vodičský preukaz skupiny CE (trieda 1).

Popri týchto kvalifikáciách je súčasťou osvedčenia o odbornej spôsobilosti vodiča (CPC), ktoré je zákonnou požiadavkou v Spojenom kráľovstve aj v EÚ. Toto osvedčenie zahŕňa kombináciu úvodného školenia a pravidelných obnovovacích kurzov, ktorých cieľom je udržiavať vodičov v aktuálnom stave v oblasti bezpečnosti, predpisov a cestných zručností.

Tento systém odráža celoeurópsky licenčný rámec. Hlavné rozdiely medzi jednotlivými krajinami spočívajú v poskytovateľoch odbornej prípravy, súvisiacich nákladoch a na niektorých miestach aj v dostupnosti skúšobných miest.

Ako získať vodičský preukaz na nákladné vozidlá

Získanie vodičského preukazu na nákladné vozidlá je prvým krokom k profesionálnemu šoférovaniu. V Spojenom kráľovstve môžete začať s týmto procesom, keď ste držiteľom štandardného vodičského preukazu skupiny B pre osobné automobily. Potom požiadate o dočasný preukaz na nákladné vozidlá, ktorý vám umožní začať výcvik na veľké nákladné vozidlá.

Samotný výcvik kombinuje teoretické a praktické prvky: hodiny v učebni o bezpečnosti na cestách a predpisoch, po ktorých nasleduje jazda v ťažkých vozidlách pod dohľadom. Uchádzači musia absolvovať aj moduly na získanie osvedčenia o odbornej spôsobilosti vodiča (CPC), ktoré zaručuje, že vodiči sú vybavení nielen na bezpečné riadenie vozidiel, ale aj na zvládanie každodenných požiadaviek nákladnej dopravy.

Koľko stojí stať sa vodičom nákladného auta?

Jednou z najčastejších otázok, ktorú si kladú všetci, ktorí uvažujú o tomto povolaní, je, koľko stojí školenie vodičov nákladných vozidiel. V Spojenom kráľovstve sa ceny líšia v závislosti od poskytovateľa, lokality a od toho, či sa školíte na vodičský preukaz skupiny C alebo pokročilejšej skupiny CE. V priemere môžu noví vodiči počítať s výdavkami od 2 000 do 3 500 libier na pokrytie lekárskych prehliadok, poplatkov za dočasný vodičský preukaz, teoretických testov, praktického výcviku, modulov CPC a záverečnej skúšky. Niektoré spoločnosti, najmä väčšie logistické firmy, ponúkajú programy na dotovanie alebo úplné financovanie školenia výmenou za pracovný záväzok, čím sa táto cesta stáva dostupnejšou.

V iných častiach Európy sa čísla príliš nelíšia. V Španielsku stojí školenie spravidla od 2 000 do 3 000 EUR za kompletné školenie a certifikáciu. V Poľsku je táto suma nižšia, v priemere 1 500 až 2 500 EUR. Rumunsko má jedny z najnižších nákladov na školenie v Európe, pričom mnohí uchádzači zaplatia za kvalifikáciu približne 1 000 až 1 800 EUR, hoci mzdy na vstupnej úrovni zvyčajne odrážajú túto nižšiu bariéru vstupu.

Ako dlho trvá, kým sa stanete vodičom nákladného vozidla?

Čas potrebný na získanie kvalifikácie vodiča nákladného vozidla závisí od miesta, kde sa školíte, od typu vodičského preukazu, o ktorý sa usilujete, a od toho, ako rýchlo si môžete zabezpečiť termín skúšky. V Spojenom kráľovstve väčšina ľudí absolvuje školenie a zloží skúšky do dvoch až štyroch mesiacov. Niektoré intenzívne kurzy trvajú niekoľko týždňov, hoci mnohí vodiči zistili, že rozvrhnutie lekcií im pomáha lepšie si osvojiť zručnosti.

V Španielsku a Poľsku je proces podobný, hoci dlhšie čakacie zoznamy na miesta na skúšky môžu predĺžiť časový harmonogram. V Poľsku vysoký dopyt po profesionálnych vodičoch spôsobil, že v školiacich strediskách sú úzke miesta, čo znamená, že niektorí uchádzači čakajú na praktickú skúšku niekoľko mesiacov. Rumunsko má jednu z najrýchlejších ciest, pričom výcvik a skúšky sa často ukončia do ôsmich až dvanástich týždňov.

Učenie sa nekončí ani po získaní vodičského preukazu. Každý profesionálny vodič musí každých päť rokov absolvovať 35 hodín školenia CPC, aby si udržal aktuálne zručnosti a bol pripravený na najnovšie predpisy a bezpečnostné normy.

Ako dlho môže vodič nákladného auta šoférovať?

Po získaní kvalifikácie sa na túto prácu vzťahujú prísne obmedzenia týkajúce sa času, ktorý môžete stráviť za volantom. Tieto limity sú určené na ochranu vodičov aj ostatných účastníkov cestnej premávky tým, že znižujú únavu.

V Spojenom kráľovstve a EÚ platia rovnaké pravidlá. Vodiči môžu stráviť za volantom maximálne deväť hodín každý deň, pričom tento čas sa môže dvakrát týždenne predĺžiť na desať hodín. Týždenné limity sú obmedzené na 56 hodín jazdy, pričom počas dvoch po sebe idúcich týždňov nesmú presiahnuť 90 hodín.

Po 4,5 hodinách jazdy musí vodič absolvovať minimálne 45-minútovú prestávku. Takisto má nárok na denný a týždenný odpočinok na zotavenie pred návratom do práce.

Tieto pravidlá sa prísne kontrolujú a vo vozidlách sú namontované tachografy, ktoré zaznamenávajú hodiny a zabezpečujú ich dodržiavanie. Pre tých, ktorí pracujú na diaľkových trasách, ako sú španielski vodiči na Pyrenejskom polostrove alebo poľskí dopravcovia prepravujúci tovar cez východné hranice EÚ, tieto limity určujú rytmus práce. Určujú, kedy a kde vodiči zastavia, a preto je prístup k bezpečným a zabezpečeným miestam na odpočinok dôležitou súčasťou pracovného dňa.

Začínate ako vodič nákladného vozidla

Stať sa vodičom nákladného vozidla nie je len o absolvovaní skúšok. Ide o to, aby ste nastúpili do úlohy, ktorá nesie skutočnú zodpovednosť, ale prináša aj dlhodobé príležitosti. So správnym vodičským preukazom, správnym školením a odhodlaním prijať život na cestách je to kariéra, ktorá môže poskytnúť stabilitu aj postup.

V spoločnosti SNAP vieme, ako takéto cesty vyzerajú. Preto spolupracujeme s vozovými parkami a vodičmi v celej Európe, aby sme ich urobili bezpečnejšími, jednoduchšími a pohodlnejšími - od bezpečného parkovania a lepších sociálnych zariadení až po inteligentné digitálne nástroje, ktoré šetria čas a stres. Bez ohľadu na to, či práve začínate, alebo šoférujete už roky, sme tu, aby sme vás podporili na každom kilometri cesty.

Stiahnite si aplikáciu intruck ešte dnes a nájdite dôveryhodné parkoviská, zariadenia a služby, nech už vás vaša cesta zavedie kamkoľvek.

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G2V2 includes a mandatory ITS interface with Bluetooth connectivity for secure data exchange with third-party systems. This means fleet telematics platforms can pair with the tachograph to access data, such as vehicle location, speed, driver activity and even vehicle events (for example, brake usage) in real time. For fleet managers, this integration offers the possibility of richer data streams for compliance monitoring and route management, seamlessly connecting tachograph information to their existing fleet management software. The new G2V2 tachographs record more information and retain it for longer. Driver activity logs now cover 56 days instead of 28, extending the control period for enforcement and helping operators with data retention and audits. In addition, new data fields provide a fuller picture of each journey. The devices log loading and unloading locations, record whether the vehicle is carrying passengers or goods, and capture configuration and calibration events in greater detail. Together, these updates support both compliance and logistics planning. Drivers will, however, need training to make the new manual entries for load and unload points, as these coordinates are stored for later verification. The second-gen units come with improved security to detect and resist tampering. They also have updatable software to allow future enhancements. Additionally, new driver cards (G2V2 driver cards) have been introduced with larger memory to accommodate the extra data. There is no immediate legal requirement for drivers to replace existing digital tachograph cards if they are still valid, but as cards expire, they’ll be replaced with the updated ones to fully use G2V2 features.Most major tachograph deadlines have already passed. All heavy vehicles operating internationally within the EU or entering from the UK are now required to have the second-generation smart tachograph (G2V2) fitted.The only remaining milestone is 1 July 2026, when the rule will be extended to light commercial vehicles between 2.5 and 3.5 tonnes used for international transport. Historically, vans were exempt from EU drivers’ hours and tachograph rules, but from July 2026, operators carrying goods across borders will need to comply.This change aims to close long-standing loopholes and ensure that drivers of smaller commercial vehicles follow the same rest-time rules as HGV operators. Fleet managers running pan-European van fleets should start planning installations now, integrating the upgrade with routine servicing or fleet renewal cycles to minimise disruption.Fleet managers with international operations need to understand that compliance with these tachograph upgrades is now a prerequisite for cross-border road transport in Europe. If your trucks travel between EU countries – or from the UK into the EU – failing to equip the right tachograph can stop your business at the border. Here are key points on how different fleets are affected:As noted above, since August 2025, any heavy goods vehicle conducting international trips within the EU must have the second-gen tachograph. This applies regardless of where in the EU the truck is registered. Enforcement is carried out during roadside checks or at borders. Non-compliant vehicles can be taken off the road until a proper tachograph is installed. British fleets running international journeys into or within the EU are subject to the same tachograph requirements if they are operating goods vehicles. This is because the rules are incorporated into the AETR treaty, which governs road transport between EU and non-EU European countries. The UK Department for Transport has aligned domestic regulations to mirror the EU timeline for international journeys. Failing to upgrade doesn’t just mean a fine – it can mean your truck is stopped at a checkpoint and cannot complete its delivery. Authorities in countries like France have imposed and even jail time for serious tachograph compliance breaches. Other nations like Germany, Spain and Italy have their own stiff penalties. In addition, non-compliance can tarnish a company’s reputation.On the positive side, compliant fleets stand to benefit from smoother enforcement. Trucks with up-to-date devices, for instance, may be stopped less frequently, thanks to remote pre-checks, allowing law-abiding drivers to keep moving.One of the core aims of the new tachograph legislation and the wider EU Mobility Package is to improve working conditions. By automating record-keeping tasks such as border entries and limiting illegal overscheduling, the system helps ensure drivers get proper rest. This is expected to reduce fatigue-related incidents and make enforcement fairer, giving drivers confidence that competitors are following the same rules.Remote enforcement also means compliant drivers face fewer roadside delays, allowing them to complete journeys with less stress.Drivers will need some training to adapt. While the basics remain the same, new features require manual input of load and unload locations and consent for data sharing with connected systems. Understanding these prompts – and how to respond if a fault occurs – will make operation straightforward.From a fleet perspective, G2V2 devices store twice as much data (56 days), so downloads will be larger and contain more history. Operators should check that their tachograph software and storage systems can handle this increased volume.Finally, with Bluetooth and online connectivity, data privacy has become a talking point. Enforcement authorities can access tachograph data for compliance, but when sharing with telematics or management systems, drivers must first give consent. Fleet managers should reassure drivers that all data is handled securely and used only for legitimate, GDPR-compliant purposes.Second-generation smart tachographs touch every part of fleet operations, from compliance and route planning to driver welfare. Taking a proactive approach will help you stay compliant – and make the most of the new technology. Keep up with updates from the European Commission’s Mobility and Transport division, as well as industry bodies. Regulations can be complex, but official summaries and FAQs are a good starting point. Run toolbox talks or refresher sessions for drivers and transport managers, focusing on new functions like remote enforcement and manual entries. Live data can help you monitor remaining driving hours, adjust dispatch plans and identify routes that frequently approach limits. Encourage your teams to view tachograph compliance as part of good fleet management, not just a regulatory obligation. Recognise milestones like zero infringements, invest in driver training, and make sure everyone understands how accurate data benefits safety and efficiency.The rollout of G2V2 brings challenges, but also clear benefits: stronger enforcement, better data and fairer working conditions for drivers. For fleets that embrace the change, the reward is smoother operations, improved safety and a more connected, compliant future on Europe’s roads.At SNAP, we’re supporting fleets across the continent through this next stage of digital transformation. Through the intruck app, drivers can pre-book secure parking along their routes – while the SNAP Portal lets fleet managers plan and reserve rest stops in advance, ensuring compliance and protecting driver welfare.