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Il boom delle infrastrutture in Romania - Cosa significa per il settore della mobilità

Creato: 22/09/2025

Aggiornato: 22/09/2025

La Romania sta rapidamente emergendo come hub logistico e di trasporto merci strategico nell'Europa sudorientale. Sostenuta da miliardi di finanziamenti europei e nazionali, la rinascita infrastrutturale del Paese sta attirando operatori di flotte, investitori logistici e produttori. In questo articolo analizziamo cosa significano questi sviluppi per le flotte, gli autisti e il settore dei trasporti in generale.

L'infrastruttura di trasporto della Romania ha subito un drastico cambiamento di ritmo e di scala. Il governo ha stanziato circa 25 miliardi di lei (4,27 miliardi di sterline) per progetti stradali nel 2026, a testimonianza di un'attenzione senza precedenti per le autostrade e i corridoi di trasporto merci.

A metà del 2025, la Romania aveva circa 1.325 km di autostrade in esercizio (1.188 km di autostrade e 138 km di superstrade), con altri 741 km in costruzione e 669 km in fase di appalto.

Entro il 2030, la Romania intende raddoppiare la sua rete autostradale, modernizzare le tratte ferroviarie strategiche, espandere il trasporto urbano e collegare regioni che sono state a lungo isolate. La sfida è immensa, ma il risultato potrebbe trasformare la posizione del Paese sulla mappa dei trasporti europei.

Tra i progetti principali c'è l'asse nord-sud A7 che va da Ploiești a Siret, che favorirà il trasporto verso il confine ucraino, il cui completamento è previsto per il 2026. Un altro è una superstrada di 11 km che collega Satu Mare al confine della Romania con l'Ungheria. La circonvallazione A0 di Bucarest faciliterà il traffico merci e passeggeri intorno alla capitale, la cui metà meridionale è già in uso. Altre opere importanti sono i corridoi Suceava-Oar e Timișoara-Moravița, nonché il tunnel di Meseș, lungo 2,9 km e destinato a diventare il più lungo tunnel stradale della Romania.

"Questi corridoi non miglioreranno solo i collegamenti est-ovest e nord-sud, ma collegheranno regioni precedentemente isolate come la Moldavia e il nord-est al resto del Paese e all'UE", commenta Eduard Ularu, Business Development Manager di SNAP.

Ma le infrastrutture non sono solo strade. Il Ponte di Brăila sul Danubio, inaugurato nel luglio 2023 con un costo di 500 milioni di euro (363 milioni cofinanziati dall'UE), offre il primo attraversamento del Danubio marittimo e migliora significativamente la connettività con Constanța e Dobrugia.

Altri sviluppi vitali sono i potenziamenti ferroviari previsti per il porto di Constanța e l'espansione di 130 milioni di euro della capacità container e ro-ro di DP World Romania, che raddoppia la produzione e aggiunge collegamenti logistici su strada e ferrovia.

Perché è importante

Il mercato rumeno del trasporto merci e della logistica è considerevole. [Valutato all'incirca a 21,11 miliardi di dollari nel 2025, si prevede che salirà a 24,27 miliardi di dollari entro il 2030. Nel frattempo, il solo segmento del trasporto merci su strada è previsto a 9,07 miliardi di dollari nel 2025, con un aumento a 10,37 miliardi di dollari entro il 2030.

Queste cifre riflettono il ruolo crescente della Romania come corridoio transeuropeo, che serve le rotte da Ungheria, Bulgaria, Ucraina, Moldavia e i porti del Mar Nero. L'Ucraina ora dirige gran parte delle sue [esportazioni di grano via Constanța] (https://breakbulk.news/romanias-government-approves-railroad-upgrades-for-constanta-port/) sulla costa del Mar Nero, prevedendo un raddoppio da 2 a 4 milioni di tonnellate al mese attraverso le infrastrutture rumene.

"Questi investimenti aiuteranno la Romania a competere più fortemente con i principali hub logistici come quelli in Polonia e Grecia", commenta Eduard Ularu. "Constanța ha un enorme potenziale e, con le giuste infrastrutture, può finalmente diventare la porta d'accesso per il commercio europeo che doveva essere".

Il miglioramento dei magazzini, la riduzione del costo della manodopera e le tendenze al friend-shoring stanno ulteriormente incoraggiando i produttori e i rivenditori a localizzare centri logistici in Romania, aumentando la domanda sulle strade e spingendo la crescita di tutta la rete.

Sviluppi digitali

Gli aggiornamenti delle infrastrutture non sono solo fisici, ma anche digitali. Con l'espansione delle autostrade e dei corridoi di trasporto merci, il Paese sta integrando sistemi intelligenti progettati per supportare viaggi più rapidi, sicuri ed efficienti.

In tutta la rete sono stati installati [strumenti intelligenti di monitoraggio del traffico] (https://www.itf-oecd.org/sites/default/files/docs/smart-use-roads_1.pdf), tra cui sensori di peso in movimento, spire induttive e telecamere stradali. Questi sistemi confluiranno nei centri di controllo del traffico in tempo reale di città come Bucarest, Brașov e Timișoara, aiutando le autorità e gli operatori delle flotte a reagire più rapidamente agli incidenti e alla congestione.

Anche Bucarest sta migliorando la sua infrastruttura semaforica, utilizzando l'intelligenza artificiale e i rilevatori intelligenti per ottimizzare i flussi di veicoli e ridurre i colli di bottiglia. Ciò ha importanti implicazioni per gli operatori del trasporto merci che navigano in aree urbane dense, migliorando l'affidabilità dei tempi di viaggio e riducendo i tempi morti.

A livello nazionale, la Romania si sta orientando verso il [digital road pricing] (hhttps://business-review.eu/business/transport-and-logistics/eltra-logis-the-new-tollro-road-charging-system-can-be-a-catalyst-for-fleet-renewal-285636). Il nuovo sistema TollRO, il cui lancio è previsto per il 2026, sostituirà l'attuale bollo elettronico con un modello di pedaggio basato sulla distanza e sensibile alle emissioni, in linea con le direttive dell'UE. Questo cambiamento potrebbe incoraggiare flotte più pulite e offrire prezzi più equi agli operatori logistici che investono in veicoli a basse emissioni.

Per i conducenti, questo significa meno ritardi, informazioni più chiare in tempo reale e condizioni stradali più rispondenti. Per gli operatori, è l'occasione per mettere a prova la pianificazione della flotta, la gestione dei percorsi e le strategie di sostenibilità.

Impatti per flotte e conducenti

Per le flotte e gli autisti, l'ammodernamento della Romania comporta sia vantaggi che svantaggi. L'aspetto forse più importante è che probabilmente si tradurrà in una maggiore efficienza della rete. Con percorsi più scorrevoli e corridoi più veloci, gli investimenti ridurranno probabilmente i tempi di viaggio e i tempi di inattività. Le pericolose strade nazionali a una corsia saranno gradualmente sostituite da autostrade più sicure e veloci. Ciò aumenterà la produttività e ridurrà anche il tempo che gli autisti trascorrono al volante.

Tuttavia, non è tutto positivo. I lavori in corso sulle autostrade come la A7 e la A8 potrebbero causare ritardi e cambiamenti di percorso durante i lavori. Potrebbe anche significare un aumento dei volumi di merci (soprattutto a Constanța e ai valichi di frontiera), che potrebbe mettere a dura prova le infrastrutture esistenti.

"In questo momento, zone di costruzione come la DN2 e parti della tangenziale A0 di Bucarest stanno causando deviazioni e colli di bottiglia", spiega Ularu. "I camion perdono ore su percorsi che dovrebbero richiedere pochi minuti e questo ha un impatto su tutto, dal budget per il carburante all'affidabilità delle consegne".

Inoltre, i nuovi corridoi, le norme di sicurezza più severe e il cambiamento delle tariffe di utilizzo delle strade richiedono una maggiore attenzione alla conformità.

Sostenere il benessere dei conducenti durante la transizione

Nonostante i miglioramenti infrastrutturali, in alcuni corridoi di trasporto merci, soprattutto in prossimità delle aree di confine e dei principali hub, le strutture di sosta e di benessere rimangono frammentarie. Le zone di costruzione spesso non dispongono di aree di sosta formali, lasciando gli autisti esposti e senza un posto dove riposare.

"Continuiamo a vedere soste pericolose e piazzole di sosta sovraffollate sulle principali rotte di trasporto merci", afferma Eduard. "Le moderne autostrade porteranno aree di servizio e di sosta dedicate ogni 30-50 chilometri, complete di stazioni di rifornimento, negozi e punti di ristoro. Per gli autisti, questo significa luoghi più sicuri dove parcheggiare, con un'illuminazione adeguata, sorveglianza a circuito chiuso e aree di sosta sicure che riducono il rischio di furti. Servizi igienici come docce e bagni puliti - una rarità sulle strade nazionali - diventeranno finalmente la norma".

SNAP sta affrontando questa lacuna attraverso la sua mappa interattiva dei parcheggi in tutta la Romania. Gli autisti possono facilmente individuare parcheggi per camion affidabili e sicuri, prenotare in anticipo i posti disponibili e pianificare percorsi più sicuri attraverso la mappa SNAP.

State pianificando un viaggio in Romania? Utilizzate la mappa SNAP per trovare parcheggi sicuri e adatti ai conducenti lungo le principali tratte di trasporto merci.

L'angolo della sostenibilità

Questo processo di ammodernamento delle infrastrutture svolge anche un ruolo chiave nel consentire una logistica più ecologica. Con un migliore flusso del traffico, si ridurranno le emissioni causate dai veicoli inattivi e dalle soste.

Ci saranno anche aggiornamenti dei corridoi di trasporto per supportare l'emergente infrastruttura di rifornimento dei veicoli elettrici e dell'idrogeno, riducendo la dipendenza dai combustibili fossili.

Una regione in movimento

Gli investimenti infrastrutturali della Romania segnano un cambiamento cruciale per il trasporto merci e la mobilità nell'Europa sudorientale. Per le flotte, questo si traduce in corridoi più veloci, maggiore capacità logistica e maggiori volumi di scambio, ma anche in un controllo più attento del benessere, della conformità e della resilienza.

In qualità di leader di settore lungimirante, SNAP sostiene operazioni ben informate, una pianificazione flessibile dei percorsi e strumenti incentrati sui conducenti che supportano sia la sicurezza che l'efficienza. La Romania non solo si sta modernizzando, ma sta anche rimodellando il modo in cui le merci circolano nella regione.

"Non si tratta solo di strade, ma di resilienza, sostenibilità e di costruire un futuro di trasporto merci più intelligente in tutta Europa. La Romania è proprio al centro di questo cambiamento", afferma Eduard.

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martedì 25 novembre 2025 • Notizie e aggiornamenti

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