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Novinky a aktualizácie • 4 min čítania

Rozmach infraštruktúry v Rumunsku - čo to znamená pre sektor mobility

Vytvorené: 22. 09. 2025

Aktualizované: 22. 09. 2025

Rumunsko sa rýchlo stáva strategickým logistickým a nákladným centrom v juhovýchodnej Európe. Renesancia infraštruktúry v krajine, ktorú podporujú miliardy eur z fondov EÚ a vnútroštátnych fondov, priťahuje prevádzkovateľov vozových parkov, investorov do logistiky a výrobcov. V tomto článku skúmame, čo tento vývoj znamená pre vozové parky, vodičov a širšie odvetvie dopravy.

Rumunská dopravná infraštruktúra zaznamenala dramatický posun v tempe a rozsahu. Vláda vyčlenila na cestné projekty v roku 2026 približne 25 miliárd lei (4,27 miliardy GBP), čo odráža bezprecedentné zameranie na diaľnice a nákladné koridory.

V polovici roka 2025 bolo v Rumunsku v prevádzke približne 1 325 km diaľnic (1 188 km diaľnic a 138 km rýchlostných ciest), ďalších 741 km bolo vo výstavbe a 669 km vo fáze verejného obstarávania.

Rumunsko plánuje do roku 2030 zdvojnásobiť svoju diaľničnú sieť, zmodernizovať strategické železničné trasy, rozšíriť mestskú dopravu a prepojiť regióny, ktoré boli dlho izolované. Výzva je obrovská, ale výsledok by mohol zmeniť postavenie krajiny na dopravnej mape Európy.

Medzi kľúčové projekty patrí severojužná os A7 vedúca z Ploiești do Siretu, ktorá pomôže pri doprave k ukrajinským hraniciam a ktorá má byť dokončená do roku 2026. Ďalším projektom je 11 km dlhá rýchlostná cesta spájajúca Satu Mare s rumunskou hranicou s Maďarskom. Okružná cesta A0 Bukurešť uľahčí nákladnú a osobnú dopravu v okolí hlavného mesta, pričom južná polovica sa už používa. Medzi ďalšie významné práce patria koridory Suceava - Oar a Temešvár - Moravița, ako aj 2,9 km dlhý tunel Meseș, ktorý sa má stať najdlhším cestným tunelom v Rumunsku.

"Tieto koridory nezlepšia len prepojenie medzi východom a západom a severom a juhom - spoja doteraz izolované regióny, ako je Moldavsko a severovýchod, so zvyškom krajiny a EÚ," komentuje Eduard Ularu, manažér pre rozvoj podnikania v spoločnosti SNAP.

Infraštruktúra však nie sú len cesty. Most Brăila cez Dunaj, otvorený v júli 2023 za 500 miliónov eur (363 miliónov eur spolufinancuje EÚ), prináša prvý prechod cez morský Dunaj a výrazne zlepšuje spojenie s Konstancou a Dobrudžou.

Medzi ďalšie dôležité projekty patrí plánovaná modernizácia železničnej trate v prístave Constanța a rozšírenie kontajnerovej a ro-ro kapacity spoločnosti DP World Romania v hodnote 130 miliónov EUR, čím sa zdvojnásobí priepustnosť a pribudnú logistické spojenia po ceste a železnici.

Prečo je to dôležité

Rumunský trh nákladnej dopravy a logistiky je veľký. V roku 2025 sa jeho hodnota odhaduje na približne 21,11 miliardy USD a do roku 2030 by sa mala zvýšiť na 24,27 miliardy USD. V samotnom segmente cestnej nákladnej dopravy sa v roku 2025 predpokladá hodnota 9,07 miliardy USD a do roku 2030 sa zvýši na 10,37 miliardy USD.

Tieto údaje odrážajú rastúcu úlohu Rumunska ako transeurópskeho koridoru, ktorý obsluhuje trasy z Maďarska, Bulharska, Ukrajiny, Moldavska a čiernomorských prístavov. Ukrajina v súčasnosti smeruje väčšinu svojho vývozu obilia cez Konstancu na pobreží Čierneho mora a plánuje zdvojnásobenie z 2 na 4 milióny ton mesačne prostredníctvom rumunskej infraštruktúry.

"Tieto investície pomôžu Rumunsku lepšie konkurovať veľkým logistickým centrám, ako sú tie v Poľsku a Grécku," komentuje Eduard Ularu. "Konstanca má obrovský potenciál a so správnou infraštruktúrou sa môže konečne stať vstupnou bránou pre európsky obchod, ktorou mala byť."

Lepšie skladovanie, nižšie náklady na pracovnú silu a trendy v oblasti friend-shoringu ďalej podnecujú výrobcov a maloobchodníkov, aby umiestňovali logistické centrá v Rumunsku, čím sa zvyšuje dopyt po cestách a podporuje rast celej siete.

Digitálny vývoj

Modernizácia infraštruktúry nie je len fyzická, ale aj digitálna. Krajina rozširuje svoje diaľnice a nákladné koridory a zavádza inteligentné systémy, ktoré sú navrhnuté na podporu rýchlejších, bezpečnejších a efektívnejších ciest.

V celej sieti sa inštalujú inteligentné nástroje na monitorovanie premávky vrátane snímačov pohybu a váhy, indukčných dopravných slučiek a kamier pri cestách. Tieto systémy budú v reálnom čase vstupovať do centier riadenia dopravy v mestách ako Bukurešť, Brașov a Temešvár, čím pomôžu úradom a prevádzkovateľom vozového parku rýchlejšie reagovať na incidenty a dopravné zápchy.

Bukurešť tiež modernizuje svoju svetelnú infraštruktúru, pričom využíva umelú inteligenciu a inteligentné detektory na optimalizáciu tokov vozidiel a zníženie počtu úzkych miest. To má veľký význam pre prevádzkovateľov nákladnej dopravy, ktorí sa pohybujú v hustých mestských oblastiach, zlepšuje sa spoľahlivosť cestovného času a znižuje sa počet voľnobehu.

Na vnútroštátnej úrovni Rumunsko prechádza na digitálne oceňovanie ciest. Nový systém TollRO - ktorého spustenie sa plánuje na rok 2026 - nahradí súčasnú elektronickú diaľničnú známku modelom mýta založeným na vzdialenosti a zohľadňujúcim emisie v súlade so smernicami EÚ. Táto zmena by mohla podporiť ekologickejšie vozové parky a ponúknuť spravodlivejšie ceny pre logistických operátorov, ktorí investujú do vozidiel s nízkymi emisiami.

Pre vodičov to znamená menej zdržaní, jasnejšie informácie v reálnom čase a lepšie reagovanie na podmienky na cestách. Pre prevádzkovateľov je to šanca, ako zlepšiť plánovanie vozového parku, riadenie trás a stratégie udržateľnosti.

Dopady na vozové parky a vodičov

Pre vozové parky a vodičov prináša modernizácia Rumunska výhody aj kompromisy. Pravdepodobne najdôležitejším je, že povedie k zlepšeniu efektívnosti siete. Vďaka plynulejším trasám a rýchlejším koridorom investície pravdepodobne skrátia čas jazdy a skrátia voľnobeh. Nebezpečné jednopruhové štátne cesty postupne nahradia bezpečnejšie a rýchlejšie diaľnice. Tým sa zvýši produktivita a skráti sa aj čas, ktorý vodiči strávia za volantom.

Nie všetko je však pozitívne. Prebiehajúce práce na diaľniciach ako A7 a A8 môžu spôsobiť zdržania a zmeny trasy počas prác. Mohlo by to tiež znamenať vyšší objem nákladnej dopravy (najmä v Konstanci a na hraničných priechodoch), čo môže zaťažiť existujúcu infraštruktúru.

"Práve teraz spôsobujú stavebné zóny ako DN2 a časti Bukureštského okruhu A0 obchádzky a zúžené miesta," vysvetľuje Ularu. "Nákladné vozidlá strácajú hodiny na trasách, ktoré by mali trvať niekoľko minút - a to má vplyv na všetko od rozpočtu na palivo až po spoľahlivosť dodávok."

Okrem toho si nové koridory, prísnejšie bezpečnostné pravidlá a zmeny v poplatkoch za používanie ciest vyžadujú väčšiu pozornosť pri dodržiavaní predpisov.

Podpora blaha vodičov počas prechodu

Napriek zlepšeniu infraštruktúry zostávajú bezpečné parkoviská a sociálne zariadenia v niektorých koridoroch nákladnej dopravy, najmä v blízkosti pohraničných oblastí a hlavných dopravných uzlov, nedostatočné. V stavebných zónach často chýbajú formálne odstavné plochy, takže vodiči sú vystavení nebezpečenstvu a nemajú si kde oddýchnuť.

"Stále sme svedkami nebezpečných medzipristátí a preplnených odstavných plôch na kľúčových trasách nákladnej dopravy," hovorí Eduard. "Moderné diaľnice prinesú každých 30 až 50 kilometrov vyhradené servisné a odpočívacie miesta s čerpacími stanicami, obchodmi a stravovacími zariadeniami. Pre vodičov to znamená bezpečnejšie miesta na parkovanie s riadnym osvetlením, kamerovým dohľadom a bezpečnými oddychovými zónami, ktoré znižujú riziko krádeží. Sociálne zariadenia, ako sú sprchy a čisté toalety, ktoré sú na štátnych cestách vzácnosťou, sa konečne stanú normou."

SNAP rieši tento nedostatok prostredníctvom interaktívnej mapy parkovania v Rumunsku. Vodiči môžu prostredníctvom mapy SNAP ľahko vyhľadať dôveryhodné a bezpečné parkoviská pre nákladné vozidlá, vopred si rezervovať miesta, ak sú k dispozícii, a naplánovať bezpečnejšie trasy.

Plánujete cestu po Rumunsku? Pomocou mapy SNAP nájdete bezpečné parkovisko vhodné pre vodičov pozdĺž kľúčových trás nákladnej dopravy.

Uhol pohľadu na udržateľnosť

Tento proces modernizácie infraštruktúry zohráva kľúčovú úlohu aj pri umožňovaní ekologickejšej logistiky. Vďaka lepšej plynulosti dopravy sa zníži množstvo emisií spôsobených nečinnosťou vozidiel a jazdou s brzdením.

Modernizovať sa budú aj dopravné koridory, aby sa podporila vznikajúca infraštruktúra na tankovanie elektrických vozidiel a vodíka, čím sa zníži závislosť od fosílnych palív.

Región v pohybe

Rumunské investície do infraštruktúry znamenajú zásadnú zmenu pre nákladnú dopravu a mobilitu v celej juhovýchodnej Európe. Pre vozové parky to znamená rýchlejšie koridory, väčšiu logistickú kapacitu a vyššie objemy obchodu, ale aj prísnejšiu kontrolu blahobytu, dodržiavania predpisov a odolnosti.

Spoločnosť SNAP, ktorá je lídrom v tomto odvetví a myslí na budúcnosť, presadzuje dobre informovanú prevádzku, flexibilné plánovanie trás a nástroje zamerané na vodičov, ktoré podporujú bezpečnosť a efektívnosť. Rumunsko sa nielen modernizuje, ale aj mení spôsob prepravy tovaru v regióne.

"Nejde len o cesty, ale aj o odolnosť, udržateľnosť a budovanie inteligentnejšej budúcnosti nákladnej dopravy v celej Európe. Rumunsko je priamo v centre tejto zmeny," tvrdí Eduard.

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utorok 25 novembra 2025 • Novinky a aktualizácie

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