Susie Jones
Novinky a aktualizácie • 4 min čítania

Vodiči nákladných vozidiel žiadajú reformu odvetvia

Vytvorené: 05. 02. 2025

Aktualizované: 05. 02. 2025

V súčasnosti tvoria ženy-vodičky nákladných vozidiel v Spojenom kráľovstve len 1 % všetkých vodičov - toto číslo sa za posledné desaťročie zvýšilo o 144 %, keďže sa zaviedlo viac iniciatív na podporu rozmanitosti a odstránenie nedostatku vodičov.

Článok Fleetpoint opisuje mnohé spôsoby, ako by odvetvie mohlo prilákať viac žien do odvetvia:

  • Vytváranie priaznivého a príjemného pracovného prostredia.

  • Modernizácia infraštruktúry a vybavenia.

  • Flexibilné a rodinné pracovné podmienky.

  • Vytváranie jasných ciest pre kariérny rast.

Napriek tomu vodiči na sociálnych sieťach tvrdili, že tieto dlhodobé problémy v odvetví sa musia riešiť pre všetkých skôr, ako sa zavedú nové iniciatívy na odstránenie nedostatku vodičov.

Nedostatok vodičov - kde je teraz priemysel?

Nedostatok vodičov bol pre odvetvie dopravy pretrvávajúcim problémom, ale po COVID-19 a brexite dosiahol kritickú úroveň. V roku 2024 chýbalo v Európe, Nórsku a Spojenom kráľovstve viac ako 233 000 vodičov nákladných vozidiel - tento počet by mal do roku 2028 presiahnuť 745 000 v dôsledku starnutia pracovnej sily.

Odvetvie sa stále vyrovnáva s dôsledkami a pracuje na zavedení nových iniciatív na podporu rozmanitosti, zlepšenie pracovných podmienok a odstránenie rozdielov v počte pracovníkov.

Vláda zaviedla zhruba [33](https://www.gov.uk/government/topical-events/hgv-driver-shortage-uk-government-response/about#:~:text=We%20extended%20dangerous%20goods%20(ADR,to%20take%20refresher%20training%20now.) opatrenia na riešenie nedostatku vodičov nákladných vozidiel v Spojenom kráľovstve. Patria sem okrem iného tieto opatrenia:

  • Zvyšovanie efektívnosti existujúcich dodávateľských reťazcov.

  • Poskytovanie podpory a školenia pre nových vodičov nákladných vozidiel.

  • Rozšírenie kapacity testovania vodičov ťažkých nákladných vozidiel.

  • Zlepšenie procesov udeľovania licencií.

  • Zlepšenie podmienok.

  • Zabezpečenie stability dodávateľského reťazca pohonných hmôt.

Čo je potrebné zmeniť? Vodiči sa vyjadrili.

49 % vodičov na sociálnych sieťach uviedlo, že zmeny sa musia zaviesť bez ohľadu na pohlavie - 27 % vodičiek nákladných vozidiel súhlasilo s tým, že sektor sa musí vyvíjať pre všetkých. 24 % uviedlo, že táto práca už nie je atraktívna, čo poukazuje na potrebu zmien v tomto odvetví. Čo teda chcú vodiči zmeniť?

Zariadenia

55 % respondentov si želá zlepšenie vybavenia pre všetkých:

"Je potrebné lepšie vybavenie a lepšie zaobchádzanie. Celé odvetvie je v chaose a zle sa s nami zaobchádza."

"Vybavenie je hrozné pre všetkých vodičov, mužov aj ženy."

V novembri 2024 sa v prieskume Transport Focus zistilo, že dve tretiny vodičov sú nespokojné so zariadeniami zastávok pre nákladné vozidlá - značné problémy spôsobuje špinavé vybavenie, nedostatočné možnosti stravovania a nedostatok spoločenského priestoru.

Vláda a odvetvie nákladnej dopravy prijali významné opatrenia a investovali 14 miliónov libier na podporu inovácií a zlepšenie pracovných podmienok.

V októbri 2024 získalo 23 úspešných žiadateľov až 4,5 milióna libier na zlepšenie svojich zastávok pre nákladné vozidlá. Modernizácia bude zahŕňať nové sprchy, reštaurácie a vylepšené bezpečnostné prvky, ktoré vodičom poskytnú väčší pokoj. Okrem toho sa v rámci programu vytvorí približne 430 parkovacích miest pre ťažké nákladné vozidlá.

Pay

Na druhom mieste v rebríčku sa umiestnili lepšie mzdy, pričom 14 % vodičov uviedlo, že zvýšenie miezd by ich povzbudilo k vstupu do odvetvia:

"Urobte ju atraktívnou pre všetkých, zvýšte mzdy."

Zvyšovanie miezd bude pre vedúcich predstaviteľov odvetvia znamenať značné náklady. Ak by sa priemerná mzda vodiča nákladného vozidla zvýšila v súlade s národnou mzdou na úrovni životného minima, prevádzkovatelia vozových parkov by mohli ročne získať 1,5 miliardy GBP navyše.

Napriek tomu investície zlepšia mieru udržania zamestnancov, znížia náklady na nábor a náklady na školenia. Ponuka vyšších platov by nielen zatraktívnila toto povolanie pre nových záujemcov, ale aj ocenila kľúčovú úlohu, ktorú vodiči zohrávajú pri udržiavaní dodávateľského reťazca.

Prístup k vodičom

Názory verejnosti na vodičov nákladných vozidiel sa v priebehu rokov výrazne zmenili. Život vodičov nákladných vozidiel bol často romantizovaný vo filmoch a populárnych médiách, čo viedlo mnohých k presvedčeniu, že to majú ľahké. Zároveň ich však prezentovali ako tvrdo pracujúcich hrdinov, čo je obraz, ktorý sa časom zhoršil.

Koncom 20. storočia sa vnímanie zmenilo, pretože pracovné podmienky sa sťažili a o vodičoch nákladných vozidiel sa začali vytvárať nespravodlivé stereotypy - často v dôsledku skreslených informácií v médiách a niekedy aj v dôsledku niekoľkých neskúsených vodičov. Tieto negatívne stereotypy sa zmiernili počas pandémie COVID-19, keď sa zvýšilo uznanie verejnosti pre vodičov nákladných vozidiel.

V súčasnosti si vodičov nákladných vozidiel vážime, avšak toto odvetvie je stále poznačené negatívnymi stereotypmi a postojmi. 6 % vodičov by si želalo, aby sa to zmenilo:

"Keď si spomeniem na Covid, považovali nás za hrdinov, ale potom sa všetko vrátilo do normálu. Niet divu, že súčasní vodiči, muži aj ženy, chcú z tohto odvetvia odísť. Majú plné zuby toho, s akým odpadom sa denne stretávajú."

"Bolo by pekné, keby sa k tebe nesprávali ako k spodine."

V posledných rokoch začali sociálne médiá spochybňovať a meniť negatívne vnímanie. Mnohí vodiči sa na platformách, ako sú TikTok a Instagram, delia o svoje postrehy, vyvracajú mylné predstavy a získavajú si rešpekt od ľudí mimo odvetvia.

Spätná väzba ukazuje, že odvetvie nákladnej dopravy naliehavo potrebuje zaviesť zmeny, aby prilákalo a udržalo si existujúcich a nových vodičov. Nedostatočné zastúpenie žien zostáva významnou výzvou a investície do zariadení, ktoré vyhovujú ich potrebám, sú kľúčové. Tieto investície však musia byť inkluzívne a prospešné pre celú pracovnú silu.

V ktorých krajinách je nedostatok vodičov nákladných vozidiel?

Najviac boli postihnuté krajiny v Európe, kde mnohé dopravné spoločnosti nemôžu rozšíriť svoje podnikanie, pretože nemôžu nájsť kvalifikovaných pracovníkov.

Populácia vodičov nákladných vozidiel v Európe starne, pričom ich priemerný vek je 47 rokov(https://www.iru.org/news-resources/newsroom/half-european-truck-operators-cant-expand-due-driver-shortages#:~:text=The%20EU%2C%20Norway%20and%20the,an%20average%20age%20of%2047.). Jedna tretina vodičov nákladných vozidiel má viac ako 55 rokov a očakáva sa, že v nasledujúcich desiatich rokoch odíde do dôchodku. Okrem toho menej ako 5 % vodičov nákladných vozidiel v Európe má menej ako 25 rokov - čo poukazuje na medzeru, ktorá vznikne po odchode starnúcej pracovnej sily do dôchodku.

Existuje deň ocenenia vodičov nákladných vozidiel?

Deň vodičov nákladných vozidiel sa koná 22. januára a bol založený spoločnosťou NN1 Personnel. Cieľom tohto dňa je osláviť vodičov nákladných vozidiel a všetko, čo robia pre hospodárstvo a spoločnosť.

Aký je výhľad odvetvia nákladnej dopravy na rok 2025?

Z nášho blogu The Road Ahead for 2025 očakávame, že v tomto roku budú v odvetví nákladnej dopravy významné nasledujúce skutočnosti:

  • Využívanie výhod umelej inteligencie.

  • Riešenie rodových rozdielov a nedostatku vodičov.

  • Podpora ekologickejšieho priemyslu.

  • Zvyšovanie objemu diaľkovej nákladnej dopravy.

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