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Nouvelles et mises à jour • 4 min lire

L'impact du changement climatique sur le secteur de la mobilité

Créée: 21/07/2025

Mise à jour : 21/07/2025

Le changement climatique n'est plus un risque lointain. Pour ceux qui travaillent dans le transport routier, il s'agit d'une réalité opérationnelle quotidienne, qu'il est de plus en plus difficile d'ignorer au fil des ans. Des vagues de chaleur qui font fondre le macadam aux inondations qui coupent les routes principales, l'impact d'un climat changeant est intégré dans l'activité de transport de marchandises.

Pour les gestionnaires de flotte, cela signifie naviguer dans des réglementations en constante évolution, mettre à jour les infrastructures et repenser la planification de la continuité. Pour les conducteurs, cela signifie qu'ils doivent s'adapter aux nouveaux risques sur la route, qu'il s'agisse de l'éclatement des pneus ou de la perturbation des fenêtres de livraison. Et pour l'ensemble du secteur, cela signifie qu'il est nécessaire d'adopter une approche de la mobilité plus résiliente et plus sensible au climat.

Les perturbations météorologiques constituent une menace opérationnelle

En juillet 2022, le Royaume-Uni a connu sa [journée la plus chaude jamais enregistrée] (https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/jul/19/uk-weather-record-hottest-day-ever-heatwave). Alors que les températures grimpaient à 40℃, les routes ont commencé à se ramollir, avec des sections de l'A14 fermées en raison de la dégradation de la surface. Les opérateurs de flottes ont été contraints de réacheminer les livraisons, parfois avec un préavis très court, tandis que les températures des moteurs montaient en flèche et que les véhicules luttaient pour maintenir leurs performances.

La même année, les vents violents de la [tempête Eunice] (https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/18/flights-and-trains-cancelled-as-storm-eunice-hits-europe) ont causé des dégâts considérables dans les couloirs de fret d'Europe occidentale, renversant des véhicules à parois hautes et endommageant des cargaisons sensibles à la température. En janvier 2024, la tempête Henk a inondé de vastes zones du centre de l'Angleterre. Les routes principales des Midlands étaient impraticables et certains conducteurs sont restés bloqués pendant des heures.

Il ne s'agit pas d'événements isolés. Ils sont le signe d'un système de transport de plus en plus vulnérable aux menaces climatiques. Les revêtements routiers, les composants des véhicules et les réseaux logistiques sont tous mis à l'épreuve par des conditions changeantes - et les conséquences se font sentir tout au long de la chaîne d'approvisionnement.

Chaînes d'approvisionnement perturbées

Lorsqu'il s'agit de perturbations liées au climat, les effets ne se font pas sentir uniquement sur les itinéraires individuels. Des chaînes d'approvisionnement entières sont touchées, parfois sans préavis. Aux Pays-Bas, l'élévation du niveau de la mer et l'augmentation des précipitations incitent les autorités et les entreprises à réévaluer la résistance des infrastructures logistiques essentielles, en particulier dans les zones industrielles de faible altitude.

Le port de Rotterdam - le plus grand port maritime d'Europe - a [pris des mesures actives] (https://www.c40.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/C40-Good-Practice-Guide-Climate-Change-Adaptation-in-Delta-Cities.pdf) pour s'adapter au risque climatique, en renforçant les murs de quai, en surélevant les routes d'accès et en améliorant les systèmes d'eaux pluviales pour se protéger contre les inondations. Les centres logistiques intérieurs font également l'objet d'un examen minutieux, car les conditions météorologiques extrêmes ont mis en évidence les vulnérabilités des voies d'accès et des systèmes de drainage.

L'innovation dans les transports

La technologie des flottes s'améliore rapidement, notamment en ce qui concerne l'électrification et les diagnostics intelligents. Mais le changement climatique crée de nouvelles contraintes, même pour les véhicules les plus avancés. L'efficacité des batteries peut [chuter de 20 %] (https://www.gridserve.com/how-much-range-do-electric-cars-lose-in-the-cold-and-why/) par temps froid, ce qui réduit l'autonomie effective des camionnettes électriques. Par ailleurs, les températures élevées [accélèrent la dégradation des pneus] (https://www.halfords.com/tyres/advice/tyre-pressure-in-weather.html) et mettent à rude épreuve les systèmes de refroidissement des véhicules.

Pour résoudre ces problèmes, certains opérateurs investissent dans des systèmes de maintenance prédictive qui utilisent la télématique pour anticiper l'usure et programmer les réparations avant que des pannes coûteuses ne se produisent. D'autres améliorent les systèmes de confort de la cabine pour protéger le bien-être du conducteur pendant les périodes de chaleur ou de froid extrêmes. Bien que ces changements impliquent un investissement initial, ils peuvent s'avérer payants en termes de temps de fonctionnement, de sécurité et de fidélisation des conducteurs.

L'augmentation des risques climatiques modifie également l'assurance. Certains assureurs réagissent à la fréquence accrue des sinistres liés à des conditions météorologiques extrêmes en [augmentant les primes] (https://www.insurtechinsights.com/abi-finds-extreme-weather-driving-record-claims-and-premium-increases/) et en renforçant les exclusions. Les polices d'assurance contre les pertes d'exploitation, en particulier, font l'objet d'un [examen plus approfondi] (https://www.ratcliffes.co.uk/insights/climate-risk-business-preparation), surtout lorsque les chaînes d'approvisionnement sont vulnérables à des perturbations répétées. Et si l'assurance des marchandises reste un élément à prendre en considération, toutes les polices ne couvrent pas automatiquement les retards causés par des phénomènes climatiques tels que les inondations ou les vents violents.

Les gestionnaires de flotte devraient revoir leur couverture à la lumière de ces risques émergents. Cela signifie qu'ils doivent vérifier les exclusions, évaluer la définition des événements liés au climat et s'assurer que les lacunes critiques - telles que les temps d'arrêt dus aux fermetures de routes - sont correctement prises en compte. Dans certains cas, une approche proactive de la gestion des risques, de l'atténuation des inondations et de la formation des conducteurs peut également contribuer à l'obtention de conditions plus favorables.

Le paysage réglementaire

Alors que les impacts physiques du changement climatique sont déjà visibles, les changements réglementaires ajoutent une nouvelle couche de complexité pour les opérateurs. Les zones à faibles émissions se développent rapidement au Royaume-Uni et en Europe, imposant de nouvelles exigences en matière de composition et de conformité des flottes. À Londres, la zone à très faibles émissions (ULEZ) continue de se développer, tandis que des villes comme Birmingham et Oxford ont introduit leurs propres variantes.

Au niveau européen, les paquets Green Deal et Fit for 55 ont fixé des objectifs ambitieux en matière de décarbonisation. Les exploitants de flottes sont incités - et de plus en plus contraints - à passer à des carburants et des technologies plus propres. Des mandats d'électrification aux règles de transparence de la chaîne d'approvisionnement, les opérateurs sont désormais confrontés à une nouvelle base de référence pour ce qui est considéré comme une pratique commerciale acceptable.

Pour les gestionnaires de flottes, ces changements représentent à la fois un défi logistique et une opportunité stratégique. Adopter le développement durable, ce n'est pas seulement éviter les pénalités, c'est aussi préparer l'avenir des opérations et rester à l'avant-garde des attentes changeantes des clients.

Construire des opérations résilientes

L'adaptation ne se fait pas du jour au lendemain, mais des changements progressifs peuvent avoir un impact significatif. Certains opérateurs procèdent actuellement à l'évaluation des risques climatiques dans l'ensemble de leur flotte, en identifiant les actifs et les itinéraires les plus vulnérables aux perturbations. D'autres proposent aux conducteurs une formation actualisée afin d'améliorer la sécurité et la prise de décision lors d'événements météorologiques extrêmes.

Le choix des carburants évolue également. Les transporteurs à la recherche d'alternatives plus sobres en carbone se tournent vers l'huile végétale hydrotraitée (HVO), une alternative au diesel qui réduit les émissions sans nécessiter de nouvelles infrastructures. Par ailleurs, ceux qui investissent dans des logiciels d'optimisation de la charge constatent des avantages non seulement en termes d'économie de carburant, mais aussi de réduction des émissions, ce qui leur permet d'atteindre leurs objectifs en matière de conformité.

Il ne fait plus aucun doute que le changement climatique façonne l'avenir du transport routier, non pas dans des décennies, mais dès maintenant. Le défi pour les opérateurs est de passer d'un état d'esprit réactif à un état d'esprit plus stratégique et à long terme. Cela signifie qu'il faut comprendre les risques, agir rapidement et reconnaître que la résilience devient rapidement une source d'avantage concurrentiel.

"Nous entendons la même chose de la part des opérateurs de flotte au Royaume-Uni et en Europe", déclare Nick Renton, responsable de la stratégie européenne et du développement commercial chez SNAP. "Le dérèglement climatique n'est pas un risque futur - il est déjà là, affectant tout, de l'entreposage à la planification des itinéraires en passant par le bien-être des conducteurs. Les flottes qui prospéreront seront celles qui considèrent la résilience climatique comme une stratégie commerciale, et non comme une simple réponse d'urgence.

"C'est important parce que le coût de l'inaction augmente, non seulement sur le plan financier, mais aussi en termes de livraisons manquées, de temps d'arrêt des opérations et de bien-être des conducteurs sur la route. Si nous voulons que les marchandises continuent à circuler et que les entreprises continuent à se développer, nous devons commencer à renforcer cette résilience dès maintenant".

Chez SNAP, nous travaillons en étroite collaboration avec les flottes à travers le Royaume-Uni et l'Europe pour les aider à naviguer dans cette nouvelle réalité. Que ce soit par le biais d'informations, de partenariats ou d'outils plus intelligents pour les opérations sur la route, nous sommes là pour soutenir ceux qui font tourner les roues - quel que soit le temps. [Inscrivez-vous dès aujourd'hui] (https://snapacc.com/sign-up/) pour profiter de nos solutions de gestion de flotte.

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lundi 08 décembre 2025 • Nouvelles et mises à jour

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Although uptake remains modest when compared with battery-electric or hydrogen alternatives, the current regulatory push and infrastructure compatibility mean HVO is likely to gain traction in 2026.From spring 2026, in controlled zones – a full year ahead of plans. Enabled by the , this transition supports an industry expected to contribute £42 billion to the UK economy by 2035 and create an estimated 38,000 jobs. Germany is close behind. , supported by €20 million in seed funding. Across northern Europe, autonomous freight along the 1,200-km Rotterdam-Oslo corridor. The programme runs until March 2026 and examines how autonomous vehicles perform across borders, terrain types and logistics hubs.In Sweden, already move goods between warehouses, processing five million data points per second. Their controlled deployments demonstrate the potential for automation in predictable, repeatable routes.Despite this progress, humans will continue to play a central role. . 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jeudi 04 décembre 2025 • Nouvelles et mises à jour

ASSURER LE BON FONCTIONNEMENT DE VOTRE FLOTTE PENDANT LA PÉRIODE DES FÊTES DE FIN D'ANNÉE

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mardi 25 novembre 2025 • Nouvelles et mises à jour

LA POLOGNE ACCÉLÈRE LE PASSAGE AU TRANSPORT DE MARCHANDISES SANS ÉMISSIONS

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Poland’s transportation sector is undergoing a major transformation. In recent months, the government has introduced a series of high-value funding programmes aimed at decarbonising the country’s road network and logistics operations. Much of this activity focuses on infrastructure related to heavy-duty vehicles – a sign that the transition to cleaner freight is being embraced across Europe.The scale of investment – and the speed at which it's happening – will be important for operators, managers and infrastructure planners right across Europe. To understand why, it helps to look at both the wider European context and the specific funding available in Poland.The move towards lowand zero-emission transport has been gathering pace across Europe for several years. The EU’s package and to cut emissions from heavy-duty vehicles by 45% by 2030 and by 90% by 2040. 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These investments sit alongside Poland’s existing programme, which subsidises electric car purchases for individuals and companies, further extending the country’s sustainable transport strategy beyond passenger vehicles.According to the , Poland transports more goods by road than any other EU country. It is a natural gateway between Western Europe and the Baltic States, Ukraine and the Balkans, which means a reliable zero-emission infrastructure in Poland will have a Europe-wide impact.By setting clear power requirements and aligning projects with the TEN-T corridors, the government is ensuring a coordinated approach rather than isolated projects. The goal is a dependable network where electric and hydrogen trucks can move freely along key trade routes. The Deputy Minister for Climate and Environment described the programme as a way to strengthen “the competitiveness of Polish freight operators” while cutting emissions from one of the country’s largest economic sectors.Poland’s domestic network is also part of the wider . A total of nine EU countries – including Poland – committed in September 2025 to accelerate charging infrastructure deployment along key freight routes, such as the North Sea-Baltic and Scandinavian-Mediterranean corridors of the TEN-T.For fleets that operate across Europe, the initiative means charging infrastructure will become more standardised and predictable between countries. This will help drivers plan cross-border routes with greater confidence while supporting the shift towards zero-emission freight.For fleet operators, the timing is encouraging. Zero-emission trucks are rapidly , with sales of nearly 2,000 zero-emission heavy-duty electric trucks registered in the first half of 2025 across the EU. There are challenges, however. Adding high-power charging capacity will mean that grid operators, local authorities and logistics centres have to cooperate. It will also take time to hire technicians with the skills to install and maintain high-voltage equipment.In addition, vehicle costs and operational factors could also slow progress. Even with generous subsidies, businesses must weigh the cost of electric vehicle ownership, route patterns and depot readiness.For the road transport community, Poland’s programme is a significant milestone. Once complete, its charging and refuelling network will connect eastern and western Europe, supporting cleaner and more efficient freight movement.“This is a turning point for heavy transport,” says Nick Renton, Head of European Strategy and Business Development at SNAP. “Poland’s actions show that zero-emission freight is becoming part of daily life, rather than a long-term vision. 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