Susie Jones
Poradenstvo pre vodičov • 3 min čítania

Vysvetlenie kontrol DVSA pre nákladné vozidlá

Vytvorené: 08. 08. 2024

Aktualizované: 08. 08. 2024

Počas vašej kariéry vodiča nákladného vozidla vás môže zastaviť Agentúra pre štandardy vodičov a vozidiel (DVSA). Pre nových vodičov nákladných vozidiel to môže byť skľučujúci proces. Pochopenie základných aspektov kontrol DVSA pre nákladné vozidlá však môže tento proces urobiť menej stresujúcim.

Kto je DVSA?

Podľa Gov.uk je DVSA zodpovedná za "vykonávanie cestných kontrol komerčných vodičov a vozidiel, aby sa uistila, že dodržiavajú bezpečnostné pravidlá a udržiavajú svoje vozidlo bezpečné na jazdu".

DVSA môže vykonať námatkovú kontrolu vášho nákladného vozidla a vydať zákaz. Zákazy bránia vodičovi nákladného vozidla v jazde, kým sa problém s jeho vozidlom nevyrieši.

Polícia má tiež právomoc zastaviť vodiča nákladného vozidla a vykonať podobné kontroly.

Ako vyzerajú skúšajúci DVSA?

Existuje niekoľko spôsobov, ako identifikovať skúšajúceho DVSA. Budú nosiť žlté viditeľné vesty s logom DVSA a vždy budú mať preukaz skúšobného komisára. Ich vozidlá majú čierno-žltú potlač s logom DVSA na kapote.

Čo sa stane, ak vás zastavia?

Nezastavenie na výzvu kontrolóra DVSA je priestupok. Ak vás skúšajúci vyzve, aby ste zastavili, vykoná kontrolu na okraji cesty alebo na vyhradenom testovacom mieste. Hlavným účelom týchto zastavení je zabrániť tomu, aby sa na cestách objavili nebezpečné vozidlá.

Skúšajúci vykoná tieto povinné kontroly:

  • Kontrola povolenej hmotnosti nákladu a typu nákladu

  • Kontrola mechanických porúch a technickej spôsobilosti

  • Zabezpečenie správnosti záznamov tachografu

  • Uistite sa, že máte platný vodičský preukaz.

Ako dlho trvá obchádzková kontrola DVSA?

Obhliadka DVSA trvá v priemere 15 minút. V prípadoch, keď nákladné vozidlo nespĺňa bezpečnostné požiadavky, však môže trvať dlhšie. Skúšajúci musí vykonať potrebné kontroly bez ohľadu na čas.

Ako sa uistiť, že je vaše vozidlo spôsobilé na premávku

Vodič je zodpovedný za to, aby jeho vozidlo bolo spôsobilé na premávku na pozemných komunikáciách. Pred každou jazdou sa odporúča vykonať obchádzkovú kontrolu.

Skontrolujte nasledujúce položky:

  • Svetlá

  • Ukazovatele

  • Palivo a olej

  • Pneumatiky

  • Upevňovacie prvky kolies

  • Práca s telom

  • Spojenie prívesu

  • Náklad a iné vybavenie

  • Kontrola vozidla v kabíne (napr. bezpečnostné pásy, klaksón, stierače, ostrekovače, riadenie a ukazovateľ výšky).

Okrem toho je vodič nákladného vozidla povinný písomne nahlásiť všetky závady svojej organizácii. Tieto by mali obsahovať nasledujúce informácie:

  • Registračná alebo identifikačná značka vozidla

  • Dátum kontroly

  • Podrobnosti o závadách

  • Meno osoby, ktorá nahlasuje nedostatky.

Povinnosti operátora

Prevádzkovatelia vozidiel sú zodpovední za bezpečnosť svojich vozidiel a musia vykonávať tieto činnosti:

  • Prevádzkovateľ musí zabezpečiť pravidelné bezpečnostné kontroly všetkých úžitkových vozidiel

  • Musia zabezpečiť, aby ich vodiči pochopili, aké kontroly je potrebné vykonať.

Zákazy pri cestách

Ak vaše nákladné vozidlo nie je spôsobilé na prevádzku na pozemných komunikáciách, DVSA vám môže vydať dve rôzne oznámenia o zákaze - okamžité alebo odložené.

Okamžité oznámenie o zákaze:

  • Môže nadobudnúť účinnosť okamžite

  • Vo väčšine prípadov vedie k znehybneniu vozidla

  • Okamžité zákazy môžu viesť k trestnému stíhaniu.

Oneskorené oznámenie o zákaze:

  • Prevádzkovateľ má na vyriešenie problémov až 10 dní.

  • Po desiatich dňoch policajti vozidlo znovu skontrolujú.

  • Pred jazdou nákladného vozidla sa musia odstrániť zákazy.

Zákazy týkajúce sa technickej spôsobilosti

Ak má nákladné vozidlo mechanické problémy alebo ak sú karoséria a vybavenie na nízkej úrovni, vydá sa zákaz technickej kontroly. V prípade vozidiel mimo Spojeného kráľovstva dostane vodič okamžitý zákaz. V prípade prevádzkovateľov v Spojenom kráľovstve bude typ zákazu závisieť od toho, o akú závažnú závadu ide.

Drobné chyby:

  • Drobné nedostatky môžu mať za následok oneskorený zákaz

  • Prevádzkovateľ bude mať na odstránenie prípadných nedostatkov až desať dní.

  • Opätovná kontrola sa uskutoční po desiatich dňoch.

Závažné chyby:

  • Vodič dostane zákaz činnosti označený písmenom "S" za závažnú chybu

  • Zákaz označený písmenom "S" nastáva v prípade problému s údržbou

  • Ak skúšajúci rozhodne, že neexistuje bezprostredné riziko, zákazy sa môžu odložiť.

  • Vozidlo bude odstavené a môžete byť trestne stíhaní.

Zákaz označený písmenom "S" sa nevyskytuje v prípade nasledujúcich prípadov:

  • Ak sa počas cesty vyskytne problém

  • Problém nebolo možné zistiť (napr. defekt spodnej strany).

Zákazy preťažovania

Ak je vozidlo preťažené, inšpektor DVSA ho môže znehybniť. Prípadne môže skúšajúci nasmerovať vozidlo na blízke miesto, kde sa náklad môže prerozdeliť alebo odstrániť. Prevádzkovateľ vozidla dostane oznámenie.

Zákazy hodín pre vodičov

Vodiči, ktorí nedodržali pravidlá pre tachograf a hodiny vodiča, dostanú zákaz. V prípade porušenia tohto zákazu môže byť uložená pokuta, trestné stíhanie alebo môže byť vozidlo odstavené.

Viac informácií o pravidlách a predpisoch pre tachografy

Hoci skúšky DVSA môžu byť pre vodičov nákladných vozidiel odstrašujúcim príkladom, sú nesporne pozitívnym prínosom pre bezpečnosť cestnej premávky. Zabezpečenie správnych kontrol a dodržiavanie základných pravidiel a predpisov bude mať za následok bezproblémový priebeh skúšky DVSA.

Ako dlho musíte uchovávať hárky s chybami nákladných vozidiel?

Zavedenie systému hlásenia nulových závad môže byť vašou prvou obrannou líniou pri preukazovaní, že vaše vozidlá sú v stave spôsobilom na premávku. Práce na odstraňovaní závad by sa mali nahlasovať a uchovávať až 15 mesiacov. V prípade, že sa nevyskytli žiadne závady, spoločnosť by mala viesť záznamy, aby sa uistila, že vodiči vykonávajú kontroly.

Ako často potrebujete lekársku prehliadku, aby ste si udržali vodičský preukaz?

Na získanie a držanie preukazu na nákladné vozidlá je potrebné absolvovať zdravotnú prehliadku - bez nej vám nebude vydaný preukaz.

Pre vodičov mladších ako 45 rokov platí zdravotné poistenie do 45. narodenín. Po dosiahnutí tohto veku však budete musieť absolvovať lekársku prehliadku každých päť rokov až do veku 65 rokov. Vodiči vo veku 65 rokov a viac musia absolvovať lekársku prehliadku každý rok.

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štvrtok 03 apríla 2025 • Poradenstvo pre vodičov

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pondelok 02 decembra 2024 • Poradenstvo pre vodičov

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streda 18 septembra 2024 • Poradenstvo pre vodičov

JASNÝ POHĽAD VPRED: DÔLEŽITOSŤ STAROSTLIVOSTI O ZRAK PRE VODIČOV NÁKLADNÝCH VOZIDIEL

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takes place from the 23rd to the 29th of September, and as a truck driver, maintaining good vision is crucial to your job. Optical Express reported that road crashes involving drivers with poor vision accounted for roughly yearly casualties.Truck driving is a physically demanding role, but it is just as demanding visually requiring constant vigilance and the ability to quickly identify or react to changing road conditions. Poor vision can affect a driver's ability to judge distances, read signs, and detect other vehicles, reducing safety for the driver and other road users.Drivers must complete a t when applying for an HGV licence this occurs every five years after 45 and every year after the age of 65. As part of the medical, truck drivers must have a vision examination by a doctor, optician, or optometrist.To pass the examination, drivers require visual acuity of at least 0.8 (6/7.5) on the Snellen scale in their best eye and at least 0.1 (6/60) in the other.Group 2 HGV drivers need a horizontal visual field of at least 160 degrees with an extension of at least 70 degrees left and right and 30 degrees up and down. No defects should be present within a radius of the central 30 degrees.After 45 years old, drivers must complete their D4 Medical Assessment every five years and every year after 65. However, opticians recommend that every road user has an eye test at least every two years.If a driver experiences the following, they should get their eyes tested immediately:• Headaches• Eyestrain• Pressure behind the eyes• Double vision• Difficulty seeing during the night• Halos around lights.Under the law, employers must ensure their employees are fit to drive this could cover several things, but eyesight is one of them. Employers should test their driver's eyesight every six months by carrying out a number plate sight check 20 metres away.If an HGV driver requires glasses or contact lenses to reach the minimum vision requirement, they can't have a spectacle power greater than eightdioptres. For contact lenses, there is no restriction on contact lens power.The recommends the following to maintain good eye health:• Eat a well-balanced diet with foods that help your vision.• Exercise regularly to prevent diabetes and other conditions that can lead to vision problems.• Inform an optician if you notice any changes.• Wash your hands before putting them near your eyes or if you're handling contact lenses.• Protect your eyes when performing tasks that could damage them.• Wear sunglasses that block 99% or 100% of UVA and UVB radiation.• Follow the 20-20-20 rule every 20 minutes, look 20 feet away for 20 seconds.• Try not to smoke smoking is just as harmful to your eyes as it is to your body.The visual standards HGV drivers must meet are higher than those of other road users. In the UK, drivers must have a visual acuity of at least 0.5 (6/12) on the Snellen scale. In addition, drivers must be able to read a car number plate made after the 1st of September 2001 from 20 metres.The UK law on vision and driving falls below many European countries.By a number plate self-test from 20 metres. A visual acuity/visual field test is mandatory in other European countries.A driving test examiner performs the test in the UK, Cyprus, The Netherlands, and Norway. Several European countries require an Optometrist/Ophthalmologist/Doctor to carry out the test.• The UK, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, and Sweden require no further visual tests.• Algeria, Estonia, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Spain, and Turkey require a visual assessment every ten years.• Algeria, Estonia, Finland, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, and Turkey require visual tests from 65 or younger.It's vital to inform the DVLA if you have any of the following eye conditions:• Blepharospasm• Cataracts• Diabetic retinopathy• Glaucoma• Eye loss• Macular degeneration• Monocular vision• Nyctalopia• Retinitis pigmentosa• Visual field defect.Drivers need to meet the following standards:• Can read a number plate 20 metres away• No double vision• Have a regular field of vision in at least one eye.If a driver is unsure whether they meet the visual standards for driving, they must get advice from a GP, optician, or eye specialist. of the information a driver receives comes from vision with most maneuvers made based on a sense of sight. Vision cannot be substituted or supplemented and is the most important physical factor behind the wheel.