Susie Jones
Nasveti za voznike • 4 min branja

Enostavna pravila za tahografe

Ustvarjeno: 01. 08. 2024

Posodobljeno: 08. 08. 2024

Svet pravil o tahografih je lahko zmeden tudi za najbolj izkušenega voznika tovornjaka. Kaj šele za tiste, ki šele vstopajo v panogo. Naš namen je razjasniti nekaj te zmede.

Kaj je tahograf in zakaj ga imamo?

Po slovarju je tahograf "naprava, ki je nameščena v vozila, kot so tovornjaki in avtobusi, in beleži podatke, kot so hitrost vožnje, razdalja, ki jo vozilo prevozi, in število odmorov, ki jih voznik naredi."

Namen tahografov je preprečiti utrujenost voznikov ter zagotoviti, da vozniki in delodajalci spoštujejo predpise. Dobrodelna organizacija za varnost v cestnem prometu Brake je poročala, da je "v štirih od desetih prometnih nesreč, povezanih z utrujenostjo, udeležen voznik gospodarskega vozila". Zato imajo pravila o tahografih pomembno vlogo pri zmanjševanju tega števila.

Kdaj potrebujete tahograf?

Tahograf morate namestiti, če vaša skupna masa vozila presega tri tone in pol. Pomembno je vedeti, da to vključuje tudi vleko prikolice. Obstaja nekaj izjem od tega pravila:

  • Če vozite samo po javnih cestah

  • Če vozilo vozijo oborožene sile, policija ali gasilci

  • Če ste komercialni vozni park in uporabljate vozila z največjo maso sedem ton in pol ter je razdalja do vaše poslovne baze krajša od 100 km.

  • Če prevažate blago in je vaše vozilo električno

  • Če prevažate opremo ali stroje za voznikovo uporabo in vožnja tega vozila ni vaše glavno delo.

Katere so različne vrste tahografov?

Obstajajo tri različne vrste tahografov:

  • Analogno: V Evropi so postali obvezni leta 1986. Analogni tahografi za zapisovanje voznikovih podatkov uporabljajo liste iz voščenega papirja. Vozniki ročno vnesejo podatke in jih vstavijo v tahografsko napravo.

  • Digitalno: Uvedeni so bili leta 2006. Uporablja jih več kot milijon prevoznih podjetij in več kot šest milijonov poklicnih voznikov. Digitalni tahografi zapisujejo podatke o vozniku na notranjo pomnilniško napravo in voznikovo kartico.

  • Pametno: Evropska unija je od junija 2019 od podjetij zahtevala uporabo pametnih tahografov. Ti samodejno beležijo lokacijo vozila na začetku in koncu vsake vožnje. Prav tako vsake tri ure zagotavljajo posodobitve.

Kaj pomenijo posamezni simboli tahografov?

Oglejte si naš videoposnetek, ki pojasnjuje vsak simbol tahografa.

Prelomite pravila

Zaradi varnosti voznika tovornjaka in vseh ostalih udeležencev v prometu je treba upoštevati pravila o odmoru. Razčlenili smo ključne točke.

Čas vožnje:

  • Pred odmorom ne sme trajati več kot štiri ure in pol

Prekinitve:

  • Trajati mora vsaj 45 minut, razen če voznik vzame odmor za počitek

Čas počitka:

  • V času počitka ni mogoče voziti ali opravljati drugih del.

Razdelitev prelomov:

  • Celoten 45-minutni odmor se lahko razdeli na 15-minutni odmor, ki mu sledi 30-minutni odmor

  • Odmore za delitev je treba razporediti na štiri ure in pol vožnje.

  • Če je odmor razdeljen, mora po pravilih EU drugi odmor trajati vsaj 30 minut.

Dnevna omejitev vožnje

Dnevna omejitev vožnje se nanaša na najdaljši čas vožnje v enem dnevu. Največja dovoljena doba je devet ur, vendar se lahko podaljša na deset ur. Vendar tega ni mogoče storiti več kot dvakrat v določenem tednu. Dnevni čas vožnje je lahko opredeljen kot:

  • Skupni zbrani čas vožnje med koncem dnevnega počitka in začetkom naslednjega dnevnega počitka

  • Skupni čas vožnje med dnevnim počitkom in tedenskim počitkom. .

Tedenska in dvotedenska omejitev vožnje

Vozniki morajo zagotoviti, da ne presežejo najvišje tedenske in dvotedenske omejitve vožnje.

  • Najvišja tedenska omejitev vožnje je 56 ur (velja za fiksni teden).

  • Teden s fiksnim delovnim časom se začne ob 00.00 in konča naslednjo nedeljo ob 24.00.

  • Dvodnevna omejitev vožnje je 90 ur.

Dnevni počitek

Poleg tega je treba vsak dan počivati.

  • Voznik mora neprekinjeno počivati 11 ur. Ta čas se lahko skrajša na devet

  • To zmanjšanje se lahko zgodi le do trikrat med tedenskimi počitki.

  • Počitek je treba zaključiti v 24 urah po koncu zadnjega dnevnega ali tedenskega počitka.

Dnevni počitek je mogoč v vozilu, vendar je treba imeti ustrezna ležišča. Če teh prostorov ni, mora voznik poiskati prenočišče. Na strani lokacije si oglejte, katera postajališča za tovornjake ponujajo to storitev.

Tedenski počitek

Tedenski počitek je treba izkoristiti najpozneje ob koncu šestih zaporednih 24-urnih obdobij od konca zadnjega tedenskega počitka.

  • Vozniki morajo počivati vsaj 45 ur.

  • Lahko si vzamejo skrajšani tedenski počitek, ki traja vsaj 24 ur.

  • Skrajšani tedenski počitek je treba nadomestiti v enem bloku in vsaj devet ur pred koncem tretjega tedna.

Čeprav je mogoče koristiti skrajšani počitek, je treba upoštevati, da mora v dveh zaporednih tednih, v katerih je bil koristen skrajšani počitek, en teden trajati 45 ur.

Veččlanska posadka

Nekateri vozniki lahko vkrcajo še enega voznika. Prednosti tega so večja produktivnost, več prevoženih kilometrov in daljši čas vožnje.

  • Oba voznika morata dnevno počivati devet ur.

  • Ta dnevni počitek je treba opraviti v 30 urah in ne v 24 urah.

  • V prvi uri vožnje z več vozniki ne potrebujete drugega voznika. Po eni uri je obvezen.

Prečkanje trajekta ali potovanje z vlakom

Kot je navedeno zgoraj, mora voznikov redni dnevni počitek trajati 11 ur neprekinjeno, vendar pa obstaja nekaj izjem od tega pravila. Pod pogojem, da vozilo spremlja voznik; dnevni počitek se lahko prekine dvakrat, vendar ne sme biti daljši od ene ure. Na primer vkrcanje in izkrcanje na trajektih in vlakih.

Če je redni dnevni počitek tako prekinjen, mora skupni počitek trajati vsaj 11 ur ali 12 ur, če je razdeljen.

Kaj je pravilo enominutnega tahografa?

Pravilo ene minute je začelo veljati oktobra 2011. Nanaša se na starejšo zakonodajo, ki je določala, da je treba minuto z vsaj petimi sekundami vožnje zabeležiti kot čas vožnje. Vendar je EU to zakonodajo spremenila, tako da se bo posamezna najdaljša neprekinjena aktivnost v eni minuti zabeležila pri tej specifični aktivnosti.

Kaj bi se zgodilo, če ne bi upošteval pravil za tahograf?

Neupoštevanje pravil za tahografe se lahko kaznuje z denarno kaznijo in včasih tudi z zaporno kaznijo. Na splošno je kazen odvisna od resnosti kršitve. Večina kršitev pravil o tahografih se obravnava s fiksnimi kaznimi. Vozniki lahko fiksne kazni preučijo v 28 dneh.

V Združenem kraljestvu obstajata dve vrsti glob in kazni.

  • Globa četrte stopnje: Omejena je na 2.500 funtov; ta omejitev velja za vsako globo za tahon. V primerih z več kršitvami četrte stopnje pa se lahko izreče najvišja globa za posamezno kršitev.

  • Globa pete stopnje: Omejena je na 5.000 funtov, vendar je tako kot pri globah četrte stopnje v primerih z več kršitvami lahko izrečena najvišja globa.

Pravila o tahografih so lahko zapletena. Vendar lahko njihovo neupoštevanje povzroči varnostne težave in morebitne globe. Z razumevanjem in upoštevanjem pravil lahko vozni parki in vozniki svoja vozila upravljajo varno in zakonito. Pomembno je opozoriti, da se pravila in predpisi o tahografih lahko razlikujejo glede na državo.

Delite z

Tudi drugi berejo...

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četrtek 03 april 2025 • Nasveti za voznike

PARKIRNI PREDPISI ZA VOZILA HGV V ZDRUŽENEM KRALJESTVU: KAJ BI MORAL VEDETI VSAK VOZNIK

Susie Jones

For many truck drivers, it can be challenging trying to navigate the number of regulations surrounding overnight truck parking in the UK. After a long day behind the wheel, they must adhere to several rules before they can even think about parking up for the night. We'll delve into these regulations and provide you with everything you need to know. Before we look at parking regulations, it's vital to understand UK and EU laws regarding rest periods. We've collated all you need to know about . However, in a nutshell, if your vehicle exceeds three and a half tonnes, you must have a tachograph fitted. A tachograph will record the number of breaks a driver takes. Truck drivers must adhere to the following:• Drivers must take 11 continuous hours of rest. This can be reduced to nine. • Truck drivers are required to take at least 45 hours of rest. • Driving time can be no longer than four-and-a-half hours before a break. A break must be at least 45 minutes.To comply with parking laws and ensure safety, truck drivers must follow strict regulations regarding where and when they can park overnight:• Many local authorities do not allow truck drivers to park in residential areas doing so may result in a fine or penalty.• If the maximum loaded weight of the vehicle is more than 7.5 tonnes (including any trailer), you must not park on a verge, pavement, or any land between carriageways unless there is police permission. • Truck drivers can use these for overnight parking. However, they provide less security and no amenities. Parking overnight in a lay-by is often the most straightforward and economical option.Failure to follow HGV parking regulations can result in fines, vehicle clamping, or impounding. These penalties are in place to encourage drivers to comply with the law and ensure road safety.Suitable parking locations include: Specifically designed for HGVs and include facilities such as fuel, food, showers, toilets, and security options. Many motorway service areas (MSAs) will provide areas for HGV parking. Most offer similar facilities as truck stops. SNAP provides drivers with a network of over across Europe. • Downloading a truck parking app can help drivers find locations near them to park up for the night. enables truck drivers to find parking & washing spots across Europe, allowing drivers to book SNAP sites through the app.• Search for a spot that offers essential amenities like food, toilets, and showers for a more comfortable stay. • Most truck stops and MSAs will have security features. Using the or, drivers can check a site's security features, including fencing, CCTV, night watchmen, and TAPA accreditations. Truck drivers can park on verges or pavements if the parking is for essential loading and unloading. There are a few exceptions they must consider before loading and unloading:• Drivers must not park where yellow markings are on the curb, and upright signs advise restrictions. • The vehicle must not be left unattended.• On red routes, drivers should look out for specially marked and signposted bays showing when and where loading and unloading is permitted. • Councils and private estates may have different regulations. Truck drivers are restricted to using lanes one and two. On a four-lane motorway, drivers can use lane three. However, HGVs are not permitted to use the furthest right lane.A road may be marked unsuitable for heavy goods vehicles for the following reasons: These pose a challenge for many HGVs, especially long or articulated trucks. Ascending a steep incline for an HGV is a difficult task due to its heavy load, leading to reduced traction and wheel spin. Roads with limited width can feature sharp bends or walls on either side and are unsuitable for trucks. Due to their turning radius of HGVs, they require more space to maneuver. Roads with walls on either side leave little room for error and increase the risk of an HGV becoming stuck or causing damage.

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ponedeljek 02 december 2024 • Nasveti za voznike

VSE, KAR MORATE VEDETI O SPREMEMBAH SISTEMA CPC ZA VOZNIKE

Susie Jones

On the 3rd of December 2024, changes to the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) will come into full effect. The new CPC aims to offer better flexibility to drivers returning to the profession and those undertaking mandatory training. We delve into the upcoming changes and how they will impact drivers. Introduced in 2007, the CPC is a mandatory qualification for professional drivers in the UK and EU wanting to drive a range of heavy vehicles, such as HGVs, LGVs, buses, and coaches. Drivers must pass four tests: • Theory• Case study• Practical• Vehicle safety demonstration. Once passed, the CPC lasts for five years and must be renewed by taking 35 hours of periodic training within the five years.The UK government wanted to understand the effectiveness of the Driver CPC. They did this by asking drivers, trainers, and other parties to take a poll. The government focused on two main areas: improving driver choice and attracting more drivers into the industry for example, making it easier for drivers with foreign qualifications to obtain a licence in the UK. The changes to the Driver CPC are categorised into the following:The international Driver CPC is the new name for how the previous Driver CPC worked. The following applies:• Drivers must take 35 hours of CPC training every five years.• The courses must be at least seven hours long. • If splitting a course over a day, a driver must complete it on two consecutive days.• Drivers are allowed to do a total of 12 hours of e-learning.The National Driver CPC provides more flexibility for those wanting to drive in the UK. Drivers can take either:• 35 hours of training every five years.• A combination of 35 hours of National Driver CPC and International Driver CPC training every five years.The flexibility means that:• Training must be at least 3 hours 30 minutes long training providers can offer longer courses. • It does not need to be completed on two consecutive days if it's a split course course providers can set their time limits.• Training can be e-learning.• Drivers can do 12 hours of e-learning towards their overall 35 hours.From the 3rd of December, 2024, drivers will be able to stay qualified by choosing either:1. International Driver CPC National Driver CPCDrivers wanting to return to the profession must take 35 hours of training before returning. However, this will change from the 1st of February, 2025.Drivers with an expired CPC will have new pathways to make returning to driving easier.Drivers have four options:• Undertake 35 hours of International Driver CPC training.• Regain qualification to drive in the UK and EU.• Complete 35 hours of National Driver CPC training.• Regain qualification to drive in the UK only.• Take a seven-hour "return to driving" module.• Regain UK driving qualification instantly.• To drive in the EU, complete 28 additional hours of training within 12 months.• As part of the National Driver CPC training, complete a seven-hour "return to driving" module.• Regain UK driving qualification instantly.• Take 28 additional hours of training (National or International Driver CPC) within 12 months.Drivers must take 35 hours of training (International or National).The rules surrounding Driver CPC cards remain the same drivers must carry their cards when operating vehicles professionally. However, the type of card differs based on qualification:• Identical to the current design.• The design will include "Domestic UK use only."If a driver is qualified for both categories, they may hold two cards.Fleet managers can prepare for the changes by ensuring the following:• Find out whether their drivers need an International or National CPC.• Training deadlines aren't missed to avoid fines.You are exempt from needing a Driver CPC if you're using the vehicle for:• Non-commercial carriage• Carrying materials you use for your job driving must be less than 30% of your rolling monthly work.• Driving for someone you work for or your own agriculture, horticulture, forestry, farming, or fisheries business driving must be less than 30% of your rolling monthly work. • Driving within 62 miles of your base driving a HGV, bus, or coach must not be your main job.• Driving to or from pre-booked appointments to test centres.• Lessons for anyone wanting to get a driving licence or a Driver CPC.• Maintain public order.Full guidance is on the website.Drivers with grandfather rights don't need to hold the actual qualification as part of their licence. However, they must complete 35 hours of training every five years.

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sreda 18 september 2024 • Nasveti za voznike

JASEN POGLED NAPREJ: POMEN NEGE OČI ZA VOZNIKE TOVORNJAKOV

Susie Jones

takes place from the 23rd to the 29th of September, and as a truck driver, maintaining good vision is crucial to your job. Optical Express reported that road crashes involving drivers with poor vision accounted for roughly yearly casualties.Truck driving is a physically demanding role, but it is just as demanding visually requiring constant vigilance and the ability to quickly identify or react to changing road conditions. Poor vision can affect a driver's ability to judge distances, read signs, and detect other vehicles, reducing safety for the driver and other road users.Drivers must complete a t when applying for an HGV licence this occurs every five years after 45 and every year after the age of 65. As part of the medical, truck drivers must have a vision examination by a doctor, optician, or optometrist.To pass the examination, drivers require visual acuity of at least 0.8 (6/7.5) on the Snellen scale in their best eye and at least 0.1 (6/60) in the other.Group 2 HGV drivers need a horizontal visual field of at least 160 degrees with an extension of at least 70 degrees left and right and 30 degrees up and down. No defects should be present within a radius of the central 30 degrees.After 45 years old, drivers must complete their D4 Medical Assessment every five years and every year after 65. However, opticians recommend that every road user has an eye test at least every two years.If a driver experiences the following, they should get their eyes tested immediately:• Headaches• Eyestrain• Pressure behind the eyes• Double vision• Difficulty seeing during the night• Halos around lights.Under the law, employers must ensure their employees are fit to drive this could cover several things, but eyesight is one of them. Employers should test their driver's eyesight every six months by carrying out a number plate sight check 20 metres away.If an HGV driver requires glasses or contact lenses to reach the minimum vision requirement, they can't have a spectacle power greater than eightdioptres. For contact lenses, there is no restriction on contact lens power.The recommends the following to maintain good eye health:• Eat a well-balanced diet with foods that help your vision.• Exercise regularly to prevent diabetes and other conditions that can lead to vision problems.• Inform an optician if you notice any changes.• Wash your hands before putting them near your eyes or if you're handling contact lenses.• Protect your eyes when performing tasks that could damage them.• Wear sunglasses that block 99% or 100% of UVA and UVB radiation.• Follow the 20-20-20 rule every 20 minutes, look 20 feet away for 20 seconds.• Try not to smoke smoking is just as harmful to your eyes as it is to your body.The visual standards HGV drivers must meet are higher than those of other road users. In the UK, drivers must have a visual acuity of at least 0.5 (6/12) on the Snellen scale. In addition, drivers must be able to read a car number plate made after the 1st of September 2001 from 20 metres.The UK law on vision and driving falls below many European countries.By a number plate self-test from 20 metres. A visual acuity/visual field test is mandatory in other European countries.A driving test examiner performs the test in the UK, Cyprus, The Netherlands, and Norway. Several European countries require an Optometrist/Ophthalmologist/Doctor to carry out the test.• The UK, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, and Sweden require no further visual tests.• Algeria, Estonia, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Spain, and Turkey require a visual assessment every ten years.• Algeria, Estonia, Finland, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, and Turkey require visual tests from 65 or younger.It's vital to inform the DVLA if you have any of the following eye conditions:• Blepharospasm• Cataracts• Diabetic retinopathy• Glaucoma• Eye loss• Macular degeneration• Monocular vision• Nyctalopia• Retinitis pigmentosa• Visual field defect.Drivers need to meet the following standards:• Can read a number plate 20 metres away• No double vision• Have a regular field of vision in at least one eye.If a driver is unsure whether they meet the visual standards for driving, they must get advice from a GP, optician, or eye specialist. of the information a driver receives comes from vision with most maneuvers made based on a sense of sight. Vision cannot be substituted or supplemented and is the most important physical factor behind the wheel.